Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of insulin-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes initiating basal insulin therapy sort by oral glucose-lowering drug subgroups

Outcome parameter	Unit	OGLM 1: metformin only	OGLM 2: sulfonylureas only	OGLM 3: metformin+ sulfonylureas± thiazolidinediones	OGLM 4: metformin±DPP-4 inhibitors	Overall significance (p value)
Age	Years	57±10	61±9*	57±9†	58±10*, †, ‡	<0.0001
Sex	Female/Male (% female)	1866/2036 (47.8)	606/713 (45.9)	4067/4843 (45.6)	1411/1891 (42.7)	<0.0001
BMI	kg/m²	31.7±5.2	28.6±4.0*	31.2±4.9*, †	32.0±5.6†, ‡	<0.0001
Weight	kg	89.0±18.5	82.1±14.7*	88.2±18.2†	91.8±19.7*, †, ‡‡	<0.0001
Duration of diabetes	Years	8.7±5.9	9.3±8.9	8.8±8.4	9.4±6.0*, ‡	<0.0001
HbA1c	%	8.3±0.8	9.0±1.1*	8.6±0.9*, †,	8.4±0.9*, †, ‡	<0.0001
HbA1c	mmol/mol	67.3±9.1	74.5±11.5*	70.3±10.0*, †	68.2±9.9*, †	<0.0001
Fasting plasma glucose	mmol/L	9.8±2.5	11.6±3.2*	9.7±2.9†	9.9±2.7†, ‡	<0.0001
Study duration	Weeks	26.8±3.0	24.0±0.1*	34.1±11.3*, †	31.2±10.5*, †, ‡	<0.0001

Weighted group means±common SD (continuous variables) or number fulfilling/not fulfilling the criterion and the proportion (percentage) fulfilling the criterion in question (categorical variables). Statistical significance was assessed using one-way analysis of variance (Welch’s test) for continuous variables and χ² test for larger than 2×2 contingency tables and Fisher’s exact test for 2×2 contingency tables (eg, post hoc tests to identify significant differences between specific oral glucose-lowering drugs subgroups; exact p values are presented).

*Significantly different (p<0.05) vs OAD 1: metformin.

†Significantly different (p<0.05) vs OAD 2: sulfonylurea.

‡Significantly different (p<0.05) vs OAD 3: metformin, sulfonylureas and thiazolidinediones.

BMI, body mass index; DPP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4; HbA_1c, hemoglobin A_1c; OGLM, oral glucose-lowering medications.