Table 1. Cytotoxicity of Ru-RGD Conjugates^a,^b,^c,^d.

		Λ-[1]Cl2					Δ-[1]Cl2					cisplatin
cell lines	% O2	EC50,dark (μM)	CI95 (μM)	EC50,light (μM)	CI95 (μM)	PI	EC50,dark (μM)	CI95 (μM)	EC50,light (μM)	CI95 (μM)	PI	EC50,dark (μM)	CI95 (μM)	EC50,light (μM)	CI95 (μM)
A549	21	66.8	–7.9	5.0	–0.4	13	72.5	-	4.3	–0.2	17	2.3	–0.2	2.4	–0.3
			+5.5		+0.4			+48.2		+0.2			+0.3		+0.3
	1	51.0	–2.4	19.0	–2.4	2.7	50.1	-	17.3	–3.9	2.9	6.5	–1.5	6.3	–1.3
			+3.0		+2.1			+		+3.1			+2.0		+1.7
U87MG	21	41.6	–8.9	3.8	–0.8	12	39.5	–8.6	3.6	–0.4	11	2.8	–0.4	4.0	–0.5
			+16		+0.8			+6.6		+0.3			+0.4		+0.6
	1	41.4	–1.7	19.0	–1.5	2.2	42.7	–5.0	18.8	–0.9	2.3	13.0	–1.2	12.5	–1.1
			+6.6		+1.7			+7.0		+1.0			+1.3		+1.2
PC-3	21	66.6	-	5.3	–1.1	12	52.0	-	6.0	–1.3	9	4.5	–0.8	4.1	–0.9
			+>50		+1.5			+		+1.9			+1.0		+1.1
	1	74.3	-	46.5	–6.8	1.5	61.4	-	50.7	–7.1	1.2	23.1	–3.8	25.8	–3.2
			+>50		+11			+>50		+13			+4.9		+3.8
U87MG spheroids	21	37.0	–4.4	7.6	–1.3	4.9	46.0	–3.1	10.9	–2.2	4.2	8.6	–2.9	7.9	–2.2
			+4.5		+1.4			+3.3		+2.6			+3.9		+2.7

^aHalf-maximal effective concentrations (EC₅₀ in μM, n = 3) and 95% confidence intervals (CI₉₅ in μM) for Λ-[1]Cl₂, Δ-[1]Cl₂, and cisplatin in the dark or upon green light irradiation in 2D monolayers of A549, U87MG, and PC-3 cell lines under normoxic (21% O₂) and hypoxic (1% O₂) conditions and three-dimensional (3D) spheroids of U87MG under normoxia (21%).

^bPI = photoindexes, defined as (EC_50,dark/EC_50,light).

^cIrradiation condition: normoxia 520 nm, 10.9 mW/cm², 13.1 J/cm², 20 min; hypoxia 520 nm, 7.22 mW/cm², 13.1 J/cm², 30 min.

^dCancer cells were treated for 24 h in the dark and were not washed before or after irradiation.