Table 2.
The coefficients for weight progression between women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) based on the mixed effects model
| Time windows | GDM group | NGT group | Difference (95%CI) | P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of weight measurements | β (95% CI), kg/week | No. of weight measurements | β (95% CI), kg/week | |||||
| Overall a | ||||||||
| Total gestation | 98, 850 | 0.39 (0.39, 0.39) | 480, 007 | 0.51 (0.51, 0.51) | 0.12 (0.12, 0.12) | < 0.001 | ||
| Before OGTT | 32, 330 | 0.44 (0.43, 0.44) | 159, 966 | 0.45 (0.45, 0.46) | 0.02 (0.01, 0.02) | < 0.001 | ||
| After OGTT | 66, 520 | 0.34 (0.34, 0.34) | 320, 041 | 0.50 (0.50, 0.50) | 0.16 (0.16, 0.16) | < 0.001 | ||
| Underweight b | ||||||||
| Total gestation | 13, 834 | 0.43 (0.42, 0.43) | 105, 416 | 0.52 (0.52, 0.52) | 0.09 (0.09, 0.09) | < 0.001 | ||
| Before OGTT | 4, 618 | 0.46 (0.45, 0.47) | 35, 199 | 0.47 (0.46, 0.47) | 0.01 (0, 0.02) | < 0.001 | ||
| After OGTT | 9, 216 | 0.39 (0.39, 0.40) | 70, 217 | 0.51 (0.51, 0.51) | 0.12 (0.11, 0.12) | < 0.001 | ||
| Normal weight b | ||||||||
| Total gestation | 68, 169 | 0.40 (0.39, 0.40) | 336, 581 | 0.51 (0.51, 0.51) | 0.12 (0.12, 0.12) | < 0.001 | ||
| Before OGTT | 22, 241 | 0.45 (0.44, 0.45) | 111, 749 | 0.46 (0.46, 0.46) | 0.01 (0.01, 0.02) | < 0.001 | ||
| After OGTT | 45, 928 | 0.35 (0.34, 0.35) | 22, 4832 | 0.50 (0.50, 0.50) | 0.16 (0.15, 0.16) | < 0.001 | ||
| Overweight/obese b | ||||||||
| Total gestation | 16, 847 | 0.33 (0.32, 0.33) | 38, 010 | 0.45 (0.44, 0.45) | 0.12 (0.11, 0.12) | < 0.001 | ||
| Before OGTT | 5, 471 | 0.39 (0.38, 0.40) | 13, 018 | 0.39 (0.38, 0.39) | -0.01 (-0.02, 0.01) | 0.16 | ||
| After OGTT | 11, 376 | 0.29 (0.28, 0.29) | 24, 992 | 0.45 (0.44, 0.45) | 0.16 (0.15, 0.17) | < 0.001 | ||
Abbreviations: GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; NGT, normal glucose tolerance. aβ, indicating the average change in weight progression, was estimated using a mixed effects model with adjustment for maternal age, parity, pre-pregnancy BMI, chronic hypertension, and hospitalization before delivery. bβ was estimated using a mixed effects model with adjustment for maternal age, parity, and pre-pregnancy weight.