Table 1.
Comparison of the clinical characteristics between the “Home discharge” group and the “Difficulty with discharge” group
| Overall (n = 138) |
Home discharge group (n = 75) |
Difficulty in discharge group (n = 63) |
P value | Effect size | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 82.7 ± 7.6 | 80.9 ± 6.8 | 85.0 ± 8.0 | < 0.001 | 0.27 |
| Sex_Female | 53 (38%) | 21 (28%) | 32 (51%) | < 0.001 | 0.04 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.4 ± 3.8 | 22.4 ± 3.7 | 20.2 ± 3.7 | < 0.001 | 0.18 |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 3.1 ± 0.6 | 3.4 ± 0.5 | 2.9 ± 0.6 | < 0.001 | 0.44 |
|
Severity of COVID-19- Mild - Moderate I - Moderate II |
58 (42%) 47 (34%) 33 (24%) |
33 (44%) 29 (39%) 13 (17%) |
25 (40%) 18 (28%) 20 (32%) |
0.208 | 0.11 |
| Comorbidities (include duplicates) | |||||
| Cerebrovascular disease | 30 (22%) | 14 (19%) | 16 (25%) | 0.340 | 0.02 |
| Respiratory disease | 46 (33%) | 26 (35%) | 20 (32%) | 0.717 | 0.01 |
| Neuromuscular disease | 18 (13%) | 11 (15%) | 7 (11%) | 0.537 | 0.03 |
| Dementia | 81 (59%) | 28 (37%) | 53 (84%) | < 0.001 | 0.16 |
| Hypertension | 52 (38%) | 25 (33%) | 27 (43%) | 0.250 | 0.02 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 27 (20%) | 16 (21%) | 11 (18%) | 0.568 | 0.02 |
| Osteoporosis | 8 (6%) | 5 (7%) | 3 (5%) | 0.727 | 0.03 |
| Dyslipidemia | 29 (21%) | 17 (23%) | 12 (19%) | 0.603 | 0.01 |
| Malignant neoplasm | 22 (16%) | 12 (16%) | 10 (16%) | 0.984 | 0.00 |
| Heart disease | 31 (23%) | 17 (23%) | 14 (22%) | 0.950 | 0.00 |
| Chronic renal failure | 12 (9%) | 7 (9%) | 5 (8%) | 1.000 | 0.01 |
| Others | 46 (33%) | 23 (31%) | 23 (37%) | 0.468 | 0.01 |
| FIM total | 73 [31–98] | 89 [73–108] | 35 [22–66] | < 0.001 | 0.47 |
| SPPB | 4 [0–10] | 8 [5-12] | 0 [0–1] | < 0.001 | 0.52 |
| MMSE-J * | 20 [12-27] | 25 [16-29] | 12 [8-20] | < 0.001 | 0.44 |
| Possible sarcopenia * | 77 (63%) | 32 (48%) | 45 (82%) | < 0.001 | 0.12 |
| Calf circumference (cm) | 29.4 ± 3.9 | 30.4 ± 3.6 | 28.0 ± 4.1 | < 0.001 | 0.30 |
| Handgrip (kg) * | 19.9 ± 9.8 | 23.7 ± 8.5 | 14.1 ± 8.9 | < 0.001 | 0.48 |
Comparison of the clinical characteristics between the Home discharge group and the Difficulty in discharge group
Data are presented as the mean standard deviation and median [interquartile range]
MMSE-J: Mini-Mental state Examination-Japanese; SPPB: Short Physical Performance Battery
Student t test, Mann-Whitney U test, χ2-test, Fisher’s exact test. Effect size = Pearson’s correlation coefficient r or Cramer’s V
*MMSE-J, Handgrip and Possible sarcopenia determination excluded 16 patients due to missing values (8 persons in each group)