Table 5. Indications for LSCS among high homocysteine-level groups.

LSCS = Lower segment caesarean section, IUGR = Intrauterine growth restriction, CTG = Cardiotocography, MSL = Meconium-stained liquor, HELLP syndrome = Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets, NST = Non-stress test, PROM = Prolonged rupture of membranes, TOLAC = Trial of labor after previous caesarean, PE = Pre-eclampsia

Indication for C-section	Frequency	Percentage
Second stage arrest	4	8.9%
Abnormal Doppler with IUGR	2	4.4%
Abruption with fetal distress	1	2.2%
Breech with IUGR	1	2.2%
Category 2 CTG	2	4.4%
Category 2 CTG with IUGR	1	2.2%
Category 3 CTG with MSL	1	2.2%
Fetal distress	1	2.2%
Impending eclampsia with HELLP Syndrome	1	2.2%
IUGR with non-reactive NST	1	2.2%
Impending eclampsia	1	2.2%
Maternal request	4	8.9%
Missed abortion	1	2.2%
Placenta previa	4	8.9%
Prolonged PROM with preterm with IUGR	1	2.2%
Preterm with breech	1	2.2%
Previous-scar not willing for TOLAC	1	2.2%
Previous-scar with severe PE	1	2.2%
Previous LSCS	1	2.2%
Previous LSCS in labor	1	2.2%
Previous LSCS not willing for TOLAC	1	2.2%
Previous LSCS with mild pre-eclampsia	1	2.2%
Prolonged PROM with severe IUGR	1	2.2%
PROM with fetal distress	1	2.2%
Sever IUGR with abnormal doppler	1	2.2%
Sever pre-eclampsia	1	2.2%
Severe IUGR with abnormal doppler	1	2.2%
Severe oligo IUGR	3	6.7%
Severe PE with breech in labour	1	2.2%
Severe PE with category-2 CTG	1	2.2%
Severe pre-eclampsia	1	2.2%
Severe pre-eclampsia with abnormal doppler	1	2.2%
Total	45	100.0%