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. 2023 Feb 8;108(8):1947–1957. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgad033

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Figure 1. — Hazard ratios for diabetes per doubling of phthalate metabolite concentrations. Model 1: Crude model. Model 2: Adjusted for age in 1999-2000; race/ethnicity, site, education, and time-varying menopausal status; physical activity; smoking status; and dietary energy intake. Model 3: Model 2 + time-varying BMI. ∑LMW phthalates: molar sum of MEP, MnBP, and MiBP; ∑DEHP: molar sum MEHP, MEHHP, MEOHP, and MECPP; ∑HMW phthalates: molar sum of MEHP, MEHHP, MEOHP, MECPP, MBzP, MCOP, MCNP, and MCPP.

Abbreviations: DEHP, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; HMW, high molecular rate; LMW, low molecular rate; MBzP, monobenzyl phthalate; MCNP, mono-carboxy-isononyl phthalate; MCPP, mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate; MCOP, mono-carboxyoctyl phthalate; MECPP, mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate; MEHP, mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; MEHHP, mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate; MEOHP, mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate; MEP, mono-ethyl phthalate; MnBP, mono-n-butyl phthalate.