TABLE 3.

Predictors of Sub-optimal Re-triage in California from 2009 to 2018

Variable	Level	Odds Ratio	P-value
Age, years (vs. 18–24)
	25–34	1.17 (0.72–1.90)	0.5
	35–44	0.99 (0.61–1.59)	1
	45–54	0.75 (0.48–1.18)	0.2
	55–64	1.11 (0.73–1.68)	0.7
	65–74	1.38 (0.89–2.13)	0.1
	75–84	1.63 (1.06–2.53)	0.03*
	≥85	1.77 (1.13–2.76)	0.01*
Sex (vs. male)
	Female	1.35 (1.17–1.57)	<0.001***
Race (vs. White)
	Black	0.85 (0.60–1.23)	0.4
	Asian	0.92 (0.69–1.23)	0.6
	Other	0.80 (0.62–1.04)	0.1
Ethnicity (vs. non-Hispanic)
	Hispanic	0.95 (0.76–1.20)	0.7
Insurance (vs. self-pay)
	Private	2.32 (1.48–3.62)	<0.001***
	Medicare	2.27 (1.54–3.36)	<0.001***
	Medicaid	1.05 (0.70–1.60)	0.8
	Managed Care Unspecified	4.09 (2.78–6.00)	<0.001***
	Other	1.09 (0.62–1.93)	0.8
Injury mechanism (vs. all transport)
	Fall	1.98 (1.51–2.60)	<0.001***
	Struck by or against	2.41 (1.63–3.58)	<0.001***
	Other	1.98 (1.46–2.68)	<0.001***
Body part affected (vs. torso)
	Traumatic brain injury	2.09 (1.39–3.15)	<0.001***
	Other head, face, and neck	0.95 (0.50–1.82)	0.9
	Upper/lower extremities	7.72 (4.26–13.98)	<0.001***
	Other	0.93 (0.48–1.78)	0.8
Injury Severity Score (vs. 16–25)
	>25	0.66 (0.43–1.01)	0.06
Regional Trauma Coordinating Committee (vs. Central)
	North	1.35 (0.46–3.92)	0.6
	Bay Area	7.11 (2.43–20.81)	<0.001***
	South-East	2.54 (0.85–7.61)	0.09
	South-West	25.51 (9.42–69.14)	<0.001***

*P values and Confidence Intervals generated from a generalized linear mixed-effects (GLMM) regression modeling the probability of suboptimal re-triage was used to quantify the association with RTCC of the sending center while controlling for a priori determined fixed-effect predictor variables including age, sex, race, ethnicity, insurance status, RISS, injury mechanism, and random effects to control for clustering by sending center and year.

* indicates p<0.05.

*** indicates p<0.001.