Table 3.

Association between quartiles of DDS and possible sarcopenia.

Variable	Quartiles of DDS				P trend
	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4
Men
Total DDS	1.00	0.98 (0.75–1.27)	0.70 (0.56–0.86)*	0.50 (0.38–0.67)*	< 0.001
Animal-based DDS	1.00	0.95 (0.74–1.22)	0.72 (0.57–0.91)*	0.52 (0.38–0.72)*	< 0.001
Plant-based DDS	1.00	0.67 (0.54–0.83)*	0.55 (0.43–0.69)*	0.49 (0.36–0.66)*	< 0.001
Plant-based# DDS	1.00	0.97 (0.70–1.34)	0.67 (0.48–0.92)*	0.83 (0.51–1.34)	0.001
Women
Total DDS	1.00	1.03 (0.78–1.34)	1.02 (0.82–1.27)	0.84 (0.62–1.15)	0.579
Animal-based DDS	1.00	0.89 (0.69–1.14)	0.89 (0.71–1.12)	0.87 (0.61–1.24)	0.317
Plant-based DDS	1.00	0.95 (0.75–1.20)	1.02 (0.79–1.32)	0.86 (0.61–1.20)	0.667
Plant-based# DDS	1.00	0.83 (0.60–1.14)	0.99 (0.72–1.38)	0.74 (0.45–1.22)	0.813

The results were based on Model 4 controlling for age, household income, education level, marital status, pre-retirement occupation, physical activities, smoking, drinking, BMI, waist circumference, vitamin D3, and albumin; DDS, dietary diversity score.

^#A plant-based diet without legume products and nuts.

^*p < 0.05.