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. 2023 Jul 14;13:11412. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-37279-7

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Association between PM_2.5 and daily hospital admission for mental disorders, Shijiazhuang, China, 2014–2019. Results express as percentage change (95% CI) in daily hospital admission per 10 μg/m³ increase in PM_2.5 concentration. (A) all mental disorders; (B) schizophrenia and other primary psychotic disorders; (C) mood disorders (including manic episodes, bipolar disorder, depressive episodes, etc.); (D) anxiety disorders and fear-related disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorders, somatoform disorder, dissociation (conversion) disorder; (E) organic mental disorder (including Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, delirium, etc.), (F) other mental disorders (including mental and behavioral disorders caused by alcohol, stress-related disorders, personality disorders, sleep disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, etc.).