Fig. 1. A/B compartment identification using ATAC-seq co-accessibility in human primary preadipocytes.

a PAd A/B compartments on chromosome 1. Each bar represents a 100-kb bin and the height of the bar is the projection onto the first eigenvector of the 100-kb bin co-accessibility matrix across chromosome 1. The sign switches at A/B compartment boundaries; positive values correspond to A compartments (green) and negative values correspond to B compartments (gray). b Coverage of enhancer, promoter, and quiescent ChromHMM chromatin states in the A (n = 1551 compartments) and B (n = 1557 compartments) compartments. P values correspond to the two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test comparing the A compartment to B compartment coverage for each chromatin state. Boxplot center represents the median coverage of the indicated chromatin state in the compartment type, the upper and lower bounds of the box represent the 75th and 25th percentile, respectively, and the upper and lower whiskers represent the highest (non-outlier) and lowest (non-outlier) values, respectively. c Density distribution of the gene expression (mean log₂(TPM)) in the A (green) and B (gray) compartments shows higher expression in the A compartments. P value corresponds to the two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test comparing the gene expression in the A (n = 6554 expressed genes) compartments to the gene expression in the B (n = 5708 expressed genes) compartments. Genome browser snapshots of two preadipocyte marker genes: d DLK1, an early preadipocyte marker, is located within a B compartment on chromosome 4 and is not expressed; and e PDGFRA, a late preadipocyte marker, is located within an A compartment on chromosome 14 and is expressed. The ChromHMM state track is directly from Roadmap Epigenomics on the WashU Epigenome Browser. PC indicates principal components; MSC-Ad mesenchymal stem cell-derived adipocyte cultured cells, and PAd preadipocyte. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.