Figure 4.

Correlation heatmaps of the similarity of responses between 177 human participants and 10 facial recognition DNNs. Red pixels indicate a positive Spearman’s rank-order correlation, blue pixels indicate a negative correlation, and yellow pixels indicate zero correlation. While humans and DNNs tended to agree on the similarity of same-person face pairs (A), they showed striking disagreement on the similarity of different-people face pairs (B), indicated by the increase in the number of blue pixels visible on the top and right-hand edge of the heatmap. The heatmaps were generated using the ggcorrplot package⁴⁴ in R.