Table 3. Changes in muscle architecture of VL.
| Group | PRE mean ± SD |
POST mean ± SD |
p-value | % Change | 95% CI for mean difference | Time x Group interaction | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean difference | Lower | Upper | F | p-value | Effect size | |||||||
| MT (cm) | Control | 2.6 ± 0.54 | 2.6 ± 0.51 | 0.307 | −5% | −0.110 | −0.164 | −0.055 | 16.978 | <0.001 | 0.21 | Small |
| 5STS | 2.54 ± 0.47 | 2.78 ± 0.5 *** | <0.001 | +9% | ||||||||
| 10STS | 2.49 (0.56) | 2.70 ± 0.53 ** | 0.001 | +8% | ||||||||
| FL (cm) | Control | 12.35 ± 3.21 | 12.1 ± 2.39 | – | −2% | 0.669 | −0.140 | 1.479 | 0.357 | 0.701 | 0.003 | Trivial |
| 5STS | 12.83 ± 3.21 | 11.72 ± 2.29 | – | −9% | ||||||||
| 10STS | 12.25 ± 4.5 | 11.63 ± 2.11 | – | −5% | ||||||||
| PA (°) | Control | 12.08 ± 2.46 | 11.87 ± 2.05 | 1.0 | −2% | −1.025 | −1.603 | −0.448 | 4.646 | 0.014 | 0.025 | Small |
| 5STS | 12.09 ± 2.45 | 13.9 ± 2.23 ** | 0.008 | +15% | ||||||||
| 10STS | 12.09 ± 2.08 | 13.56 ± 2.13 | 0.073 | +13% | ||||||||
Notes:
MT, muscle thickness; PA, pennation angle. FL, fascicle length; VL, vastus lateralis.
**
= Significant change p-value < 0.01 from pre-evaluation.
***
= Significant change p-value < 0.001 from pre-evaluation.