Table 1.
Ingredient composition (dry basis, g/kg) and proximate analysis of experimental diets fed to P. vannamei.
| Ingredients | Experiment diets | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DBWLM0 | DBWLM15 | DBWLM30 | DBWLM45 | DBWLM60 | DBWLM75 | |
| Fish meal | 250 | 212.5 | 175 | 137.5 | 100 | 62.5 |
| Defatted Zophobas atratus larvae meal | 0 | 41.5 | 83 | 124.5 | 166 | 207.5 |
| Soybean meal | 210 | 210 | 210 | 210 | 210 | 210 |
| Peanut meal | 120 | 120 | 120 | 120 | 120 | 120 |
| Shrimp shell powder | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Wheat meal | 130 | 130 | 130 | 130 | 130 | 130 |
| Fish oil | 10 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| Soybean oil | 35 | 30 | 25 | 17 | 12 | 8 |
| Soyabean lecithin | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
| Cholesterol | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Methionine | 1.5 | 2.5 | 3 | 3.5 | 4 | 4.5 |
| Calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Vitamin premix1 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Mineral premix2 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Vitamin C ester | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Binder | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 |
| Choline chloride | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Antioxidant BHT | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Chromium trioxide | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Betaine | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Microcrystalline cellulose | 25.5 | 24.5 | 25 | 27.5 | 28 | 27.5 |
| Total | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 |
| Proximate analyses (% dry weight) | ||||||
| Crude protein (%) | 40.576 | 40.710 | 40.799 | 41.061 | 40.507 | 40.868 |
| Crude lipid (%) | 8.543 | 8.653 | 8.586 | 8.659 | 8.677 | 8.702 |
| Ash (%) | 12.77 | 13.307 | 13.282 | 13.193 | 13.594 | 13.832 |
| Moisture (%) | 11.08 | 11.34 | 10.89 | 11.19 | 11.04 | 10.98 |
1One kilogram of vitamin premix contained: vitamin A: 4800 IU; vitamin D3 8000IU; l-ascorbic acid-2-polyphosphate 35% activity C: 35.71 g; folic acid: 0.18 g; biotin: 0.05 g; riboflavin: 3.0 g; DL-Ca-pantothenic acid: 5.0 g; pyridoxine HCl B6: 1.0 g; thiamin HCl: 0.5 g; vitamin B12: 0.002 g; Menadione K3: 2.0 g; DL-α-tocopherol acetic acid: 20IU; nicotinic acid: 5.0 g; inositol: 5 g. 2One kilogram of mineral premix contained: zinc sulfate monohydrate: 20.585 g; calcium iodate: 0.117 g; copper sulfate pentahydrate: 0.625 g; manganese sulfate monohydrate: 1.625 g; magnesium sulfate monohydrate: 39.860 g; cobalt chloride: 0.010 g; ferrous sulfate monohydrate: 11.179 g; calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate: 166.442 g.