Fig. 6.

An illustration showed different targeting DNA regions of the post-transcriptional editing of miRNAs with the CRISPR/Cas system. Targeting terminal loops: CRISPR/Cas9 has the potential to inhibit the production of monoisotopic miRNAs by targeting either the terminal loop or the 5ʹ region of the pre-miRNA. Targeting secondary stem loop: Random targeting of pri-miRNA at secondary stem-loop structure by CRISPR/Cas9. Targeting mature miRNA: CRISPR/Cas9 sequences that target mature miRNA are used to successfully inhibit miRNA expression. Dicer cleavage sites: The expression levels of mature miRNAs can be successfully down-regulated by gRNA when it has been directed to target miRNA in the Dicer site. Drosha cleavage sites: gRNA successfully targets mature miRNAs at the Drosha region to bring down the expression levels of certain miRNAs. CRISPR/Cas clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein, gRNA guide RNA, sgRNA single-guide RNA, crRNA CRISPR RNA