Table 2.
Comparisons of demographic variables, NP, FM, CSI-A, and CSI-B values between patients with axSpA and healthy controls
| Variable | axSpA (n=116) | Control (n=95) | All (n=211) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 42.0±10.2 | 41.6±11.3 | 41.8±10.7 | 0.769 |
| Sex | 0.917 | |||
| Male | 59 (50.9) | 49 (51.6) | 108 (51.2) | |
| Female | 57 (49.1) | 46 (48.4) | 103 (48.8) | |
| NP (DN4) | <0.001* | |||
| Yes | 27 (23.3) | 5 (5.3) | 32 (15.2) | |
| No | 89 (76.7) | 90 (94.7) | 179 (84.8) | |
| FM | <0.001* | |||
| Yes | 28 (24.1) | 6 (6.3) | 34 (16.1) | |
| No | 88 (75.9) | 89 (93.7) | 177 (83.9) | |
| CSI-A | 38 (19.3~54.8) | 23 (10~33) | 28 (14~46) | <0.001* |
| Presence of CS | <0.001* | |||
| Yes ≥40 | 54 (46.6) | 13 (13.7) | 67 (31.8) | |
| No <40 | 62 (53.4) | 82 (86.3) | 144 (68.2) | |
| CSI-B, syndromes | ||||
| FM syndrome | 0.066 | |||
| Yes | 11 (9.5) | 3 (3.2) | 14 (6.6) | |
| No | 105 (90.5) | 92 (96.8) | 197 (93.4) | |
| RL syndrome | 0.151 | |||
| Yes | 9 (7.8) | 3 (3.2) | 12 (5.7) | |
| No | 107 (92.2) | 92 (96.8) | 199 (94.3) | |
| CF syndrome | 0.517 | |||
| Yes | 109 (94.0) | 92 (96.8) | 201 (95.3) | |
| No | 7 (6.0) | 3 (3.2) | 10 (4.7) | |
| TMJ disorders | 0.629 | |||
| Yes | 3 (2.6) | 1 (1.1) | 4 (1.9) | |
| No | 113 (97.4) | 94 (98.9) | 207 (98.1) | |
| Migraine/TTH | 0.587 | |||
| Yes | 19 (16.4) | 13 (13.7) | 32 (15.2) | |
| No | 97 (83.6) | 82 (86.3) | 179 (84.8) | |
| IBS | 0.703 | |||
| Yes | 3 (2.6) | 4 (4.2) | 7 (3.3) | |
| No | 113 (97.4) | 91 (95.8) | 204 (96.7) | |
| MSC | 0.589 | |||
| Yes | 1 (0.9) | 2 (2.1) | 3 (1.4) | |
| No | 115 (99.1) | 93 (97.9) | 208 (98.6) | |
| Whiplash injury | - | |||
| Yes | - | - | ||
| No | 116 (100) | 95 (100) | 211 (100) | |
| Anxiety/panic attack | 0.042* | |||
| Yes | 10 (8.6) | 2 (2.1) | 12 (5.7) | |
| No | 106 (91.4) | 93 (97.9) | 199 (94.3) | |
| Depression | 0.043* | |||
| Yes | 12 (10.3) | 3 (3.2) | 15 (7.1) | |
| No | 104 (89.7) | 92 (96.8) | 196 (92.9) |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation, number (%), or median (interquartile range). axSpA: axial spondyloarthritis, NP: neuropathic pain, DN4: douleur neuropathique en 4 questions, FM: fibromyalgia, CSI-A: central sensitization A, CS: central sensitization, CSI-B: central sensitization B, RL: restless leg, CF: chronic fatigue, TMJ: temporomandibular joint, TTH: tension-type headache, IBS: irritable bowel syndrome, MCS: multiple chemicals sensitization. *Statistically significant (p<0.05).