Table 3.
Univariate and multivariate analyses of predictive factors for complete response at 6 months
| Variable | Univariate regression | Multivariate regression | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | p-value | OR | 95% CI | p-value | ||
| Female sex | 1.07 | 0.59~1.94 | 0.820 | 1.09 | 0.62~1.92 | 0.759 | |
| Age at enrollment | 1.02 | 1.01~1.04 | 0.003 | 1.02‡ | 1.00~1.04‡ | 0.022‡ | |
| Age at diagnosis of SLE | 1.03 | 1.01~1.05 | 0.006 | ||||
| Age at diagnosis of LN | 1.02 | 1.01~1.04 | 0.001 | ||||
| LN duration | 1.00 | 0.98~1.02 | 0.997 | ||||
| SLE duration | 1.02 | 1.00~1.04 | 0.073 | 1.00 | 0.98~1.02 | 0.912 | |
| Relapsed LN | 0.71 | 0.51~1.00 | 0.051 | 0.71‡ | 0.51~0.98‡ | 0.037‡ | |
| Laboratory findings | |||||||
| Creatinine | 0.61 | 0.26~1.47 | 0.270 | ||||
| eGFR | 1.00 | 1.00~1.01 | 0.545 | ||||
| C3 | 1.00 | 1.00~1.01 | 0.975 | ||||
| C4 | 1.00 | 0.97~1.02 | 0.778 | ||||
| Proteinuria | 1.00 | 1.00~1.00 | 0.241 | ||||
| Positivity of auto-antibody | |||||||
| Anti-dsDNA | 1.14 | 0.76~1.70 | 0.524 | ||||
| Anti-Sm | 0.84 | 0.58~1.22 | 0.356 | ||||
| Anti-RNP | 1.09 | 0.78~1.53 | 0.612 | ||||
| Anti-Ro | 0.76 | 0.55~1.04 | 0.084 | 0.67‡ | 0.49~0.92‡ | 0.014‡ | |
| Anti-La | 1.12 | 0.75~1.66 | 0.583 | ||||
| APL antibody* | 0.67 | 0.33~1.37 | 0.273 | ||||
| Renal histology (ISN/RPS) | |||||||
| Activity index | 0.97 | 0.92~1.02 | 0.203 | ||||
| Chronicity index | 0.98 | 0.89~1.09 | 0.765 | ||||
| Class III† | 1.64 | 1.28~2.10 | <0.001 | 1.48‡ | 1.17~1.87‡ | 0.001‡ | |
| SLEDAI | 1.00 | 0.97~1.04 | 0.947 | ||||
| Hypertension | 0.93 | 0.52~1.69 | 0.820 | ||||
OR: odds ratio, 95% CI: 95% confidence interval, SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus, LN: lupus nephritis, eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate, C3: complement 3, C4: complement 4, Anti-dsDNA: anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid, Anti-Sm: anti-Smith, Anti-RNP: anti-ribonucleoprotein, APL antibody: antiphospholipid antibody, ISN/RPS: International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society, SLEDAI: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index. *Have at least one antiphospholipid antibody. †Class III vs. class III+V, IV, IV+V, and V. ‡Values are considered significant.