Table 3.

Chalcone phytochemicals exerting neuroprotective activities in Alzheimer’s disease models.

Phytochemical tested	Plant	Concentration/Dose tested	Disease model	NRF2-related mechanism	Other observed AD-related effects	Reference
2,3-dihydroxy-4,6-dimethoxychalcone	Perilla frutescens	• 30 μM	• Primary cortical neurons	• NRF2/ARE activation	• Increase of HO-1 expression	(115)
Hesperidin methylchalcone	Citrus fruits	• 25-75 μg/ml • 25, 50 and 70 mg/kg	• Neuro-2a cells • Wistar rats	• Upregulation of NRF2/HO-1 pathway	• Downregulation of NF-kB • Inhibition of AChE/BuChE activity • Improvement of cognitive deficits caused by Aβ	(116)

NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; ARE, antioxidant response element; HO-1, heme oxygenase-1; NF-kB, nuclear factor kappa B; AChE, acetylcholinesterase; BuChE, butyrylcholinesterase; Aβ, β-amyloid.