Figure 2.

NMN supplementation and ${\text{NAD}}^{+}$ and ATP content in mice exposed to PM. (A) ${\text{NAD}}^{+}$ levels measured in lung, liver, spleen, and bone marrow tissue in mice with (PM-exposed group, Exp) or without (air-filtered control group, Con) 16-wk PM exposure ($n=3$/group). (B) ATP content was analyzed in lung, liver, spleen, and bone marrow tissue of Con and Exp groups at the end of PM exposure ($n=3$/group). ${\text{NAD}}^{+}$ levels were analyzed in (C) lung, liver, spleen, and bone marrow tissue ($n=3$/group) and (D) plasma ($n=3$/group) of ${\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\text{-BS}$ and NMN-BS groups. (E) ATP levels were examined in lung, liver, spleen, and bone marrow tissue ($n=3$/group) of ${\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}-\text{BS}$ and NMN-BS groups. Data were analyzed using Student’s $t$-test or the Wilcoxon rank sum test. The data are expressed as $\text{mean}\pm \text{SD}$. The mean, SD, and SEM values for data are shown in Table S5. *$p<0.05$, **$p<0.01$, and ***$p<0.001$ compared with the corresponding control mice. $p$-Values for all tests are reported in Table S6. Note: ATP, adenosine triphosphate; BS, baseline; Con, air-filtered control group; Exp, PM exposure group; ${\text{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$, water; ${\text{NAD}}^{+}$, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NMN, nicotinamide mononucleotide; PM, particulate matter; SD, standard deviation; SEM, standard error of mean.