Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study population and comparison of pain groups.
| Baseline characteristics | TFA (n=180) |
TRA (n=180) |
DRA (n=180) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (female), n (%) | 65 (36.1) | 59 (32.8) | 53 (29.4) | 0.403 |
| Age (years) | 64.2±11.0 | 58.4±9.8 | 58.6±11.0 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.2±3.9 | 28.2±4.0 | 27.7±4.1 | 0.414 |
| HT, n (%) | 62 (34.4) | 58 (32.2) | 65 (36.1) | 0.738 |
| DM, n (%) | 55 (30.6) | 64 (35.6) | 55 (30.6) | 0.503 |
| HPL, n (%) | 7 (3.9) | 10 (5.6) | 10 (5.6) | 0.704 |
| CRF, n (%) | 45 (25) | 49 (27.2) | 55 (30.6) | 0.494 |
| Smoker, n (%) | 8 (4.4) | 9 (5) | 8 (4.4) | 0.959 |
| EF (%) | 48.2±10.7 | 49.1±10.8 | 48.9±10.8 | 0.708 |
| VAS | 2.7±1.6 | 3.9±1.9 | 4.9±2.1 | <0.001 |
| Processing time (min) | 39.3±11.5 | 41.4±12.0 | 40.7±12.4 | 0.249 |
| Access time (s) | 38.1±7.0 | 41.8±12.6 | 53.0±16.4 | <0.001 |
| Number of punctures | 1.4±0.5 | 1.6±0.6 | 1.7±0.7 | <0.001 |
| PCI, n (%) | 57 (31.7) | 63 (35) | 52 (28.9) | 0.460 |
| Mortality, n (%) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 0.367 |
| Comparison of pain groups | Mild pain (n=264) | Moderate pain (n=236) | Severe pain (n=40) | p-value |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.1±4.0 | 27.6±4.1 | 30.8±1.8 | <0.001 |
| Processing time (min) | 36.3±7.3 | 42.5±12.6 | 56.2±16.5 | <0.001 |
| Access time (s) | 40.8±9.5 | 44.6±13.1 | 65.8±23.3 | <0.001 |
| Number of punctures | 1.4±0.5 | 1.6±0.6 | 2.5±0.8 | <0.001 |
| Access zone, n(%) | TFA: 130 (49.2) | TFA: 47 (19.9) | TFA: 3 (7.5) | <0.001 |
| TRA: 78 (29.6) | TRA: 97 (41.1) | TRA: 5 (12.5) | ||
| DRA: 56 (21.2) | DRA: 92 (39.0) | DRA: 32 (80) |
*TFA: transfemoral access; TRA: traditional radial access; DRA: distal radial access; HT: hypertension; DM: diabetes mellitus; HPL, hyperlipidemia; CRF: chronic renal failure; EF: ejection fraction; VAS: Vascular Analog Scale; PCI: percutaneous coronary ıntervention. Bold indicates statistically significant values.