Table 2.

Patient and procedural characteristics of interventions with complications

Intervention Number	1	2	3	4
Patient characteristics
Age (years)	42	52	62	62
Gender	female	female	male	female
Liver disease (cirrhotic / non-cirrhotic)	PVT (cirrhotic)	CTPV (non-cirrhotic)	Cryptogenic (cirrhotic)	CCC (non-cirrhotic)
Pre-interventional characteristics
MELD	18	10	25	5
INR	1.51	1.31	1.15	0.86
aPTT (s)	52	31	31	28
PLT (1*100/uL)	31	40	86	146
Anti-aggregation/-coagulation pre-interventionally	Dalteparin, 10000IE, 1/d	Fondaparinux, 2.5mg, 1/d	Aspirin, 100mg, 1x/d	none
Transfusion pre-interventionally	none	none	2 pack of RBC	none
Ascites pre-interventionally	present	present	present	none
Spleen diameter (cm)	25	18	15	10
Procedural characteristics
Indication	TIPS	VE”	VE	PVS
Splenic access	successful	successful	successful	successful
Interventional success	successful	successful	successful	successful
Splenic access time (min)	35	14	133	56
Total procedure time (min)	322	110	205	113
Splenic access route	subcostal	intercostal	intercostal	intercostal
Sheath Size (F)	5-F	4-F	4-F	7-F
No. of gelfoam cubes	2	2	2	2
Clinical significant complications	splenic hematoma	erysipelas, NP°	splenic hematoma, SBP^	splenic hematoma
CIRSE classification	1	3	3	1

Abbreviations: aPTT activated partial thromboplastin time, CIRSE Cardiovascular and interventional radiological society of Europe, CCC Cholangiocellular carcinoma, CTPV Cavernous transformation of the portal vein, INR International normalized ratio, MELD Model for end-stage liver disease, NP Nosocomial peritonitis, PVS Portal vein stent, PLT Platelet count, PVT Portal vein thrombosis, RBC Red blood cell, SBP Spontaneous bacterial infection, TIPS Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, VE Variceal embolization

^ceftriaxone and metronidazole i.v., vancomycin and gentamicin i.p., °piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem + daptomycin.” In this case no embolization was performed, because no active bleeding and no potential feeders from the portal system could be identified