TABLE 4.

Reader Study Results

	CL-bpMRI	DL-bpMRI	Difference (CI)	P
Patient based
Reader 1
Sensitivity	0.65	0.65	0.00 (−0.33, 0.29)	1.00
Specificity	0.75	0.81	0.06 (−0.07, 0.19)	0.25
PPV	0.41	0.41	0.00 (−0.05, 0.03)	0.44
NPV	0.87	0.87	0.00 (−0.05, 0.05)	0.77
AUC	0.77	0.78	0.00 (−0.12, 0.13)	0.98
Reader 2
Sensitivity	0.59	0.65	0.06 (−0.18, 0.29)	0.56
Specificity	0.62	0.51	−0.11 (−0.26, 0.06)	0.14
PPV	0.23	0.23	0.01 (−0.07, 0.07)	0.69
NPV	0.86	0.86	0.00 (−0.08, 0.08)	0.93
AUC	0.65	0.66	0.00 (−0.13, 0.14)	0.95
Reader 3
Sensitivity	0.29	0.29	0.00 (−0.21, 0.21)	1.00
Specificity	0.83	0.87	0.05 (−0.04, 0.13)	0.18
PPV	0.33	0.33	0.00 (−0.12, 0.11)	0.42
NPV	0.81	0.81	0.00 (−0.03, 0.03)	0.64
AUC	0.57	0.60	0.04 (−0.07, 0.15)	0.52
Lesion based
Reader 1
Sensitivity	0.53	0.53	0.00 (−0.26, 0.31)	1.00
Specificity	0.72	0.79	0.07 (−0.06, 0.18)	0.39
PPV	0.33	0.39	0.06 (−0.20, 0.27)	0.67
NPV	0.86	0.87	0.01 (−0.08, 0.11)	0.85
AUC	0.71	0.70	−0.01a	0.92
Reader 2
Sensitivity	0.47	0.59	0.12 (−0.14, 0.40)	0.49
Specificity	0.60	0.50	−0.1 (−0.24, 0.04)	0.25
PPV	0.24	0.24	0.00 (−0.15, 0.17)	0.98
NPV	0.81	0.82	0.01 (−0.11, 0.15)	0.92
AUC	0.58	0.62	0.04a	0.73
Reader 3
Sensitivity	0.29	0.29	0.00 (−0.28, 0.26)	1.00
Specificity	0.83	0.87	0.05 (−0.04, 0.14)	0.46
PPV	0.31	0.39	0.07 (−0.23, 0.38)	0.69
NPV	0.81	0.82	0.01 (−0.09, 0.12)	0.90
AUC	0.57	0.60	0.04a	0.70

^aConfidence interval not provided as data for lesion-based AUC is not paired.

CL-bpMRI = conventional biparametric MRI; DL-bpMRI = deep learning based biparametric MRI; CI = confidence interval; PPV = positive predictive value; NPV = negative predictive value; AUC = area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.