Table 2.

Effects of parents’ native language (L1) background and maternal education on children’s exposure to English during preschool between 30 and 60 months (n = 149).

	β	Standard error	p
Model 1 (base model)
Intercept	7.53	1.02	<0.001
Age	3.21	0.27	<0.001
Model 2A (demographic variable model: parents’ L1 background)
Intercept	7.21	2.01	<0.001
Age	3.88	0.55	<0.001
Parents’ L1 background	0.37	2.36	0.874
Age × parents’ L1 background	−0.93	0.64	0.145
Model 2B (demographic variable model: maternal education)
Intercept	5.46	1.18	<0.001
Age	3.41	0.32	<0.001
Maternal education	7.82	2.25	0.001
Age × maternal education	−0.75	0.61	0.221
Goodness of fit	Model 1	Model 2A	Model 2B
−2 log-likelihood model fit index	4778.04	4498.22	4743.15
Akaike information criterion	4786.04	4510.22	4755.15
Bayesian information criterion	4803.57	4536.16	4781.42