TABLE I.
Characteristics of the patients reported in the studies included in the review.
| Study | Patient, gender, age at diagnosis (years) | Surgical approach) | Margins at initial excision | Initial adjuvant therapy | Skull base involvement at initial diagnosis | Time to development of skull base disease (years) and localization | Skull base disease treatment | Positive cervical lymph nodes / Distant metastases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breen JT et al. 11 | 1, F, 18 years | Total parotidectomy | R1 | None | No | 12; Glenoid fossa, infratemporal fossa, Foramen ovale, Meckel's cave, cavernous sinus, sphenoid sinus, clivus, cerebellum | Extended parotidectomy, partial mandibulectomy, fibular free flap (FFF), external beam and stereotactic radiation | − / + |
| 2, M, 76 years | Superficial parotidectomy | DNA | None | No | 10.1; Masticator space and temporal fossa | External beam radiation | + / − | |
| 3, F, 23 years | Superficial parotidectomy | R0 | None | No | 47.2; Parapharyngeal space and petrous temporal bone | LTBR, partial mandibulectomy, FFF, developed subsequent recurrence at petrous temporale bone and clivus | − / + | |
| 4, M, 49 years | Superficial parotidectomy | R0 | None | No | 14.3; stylomastoid foramen, EAC | Revision parotidectomy, LTBR, external auditory canal resection, SCM flap. | + / − | |
| 5, F, 79 years | Total parotidectomy | R0 | RT | No | 4; stylomastoid foramen and jugular foramen | None | − / − | |
| 6, M, 55 years | Total parotidectomy | R0 | RT | Yes | DNA; EAC, petrous temporal bone and mastoid, posterior cranial fossa | Subtotal petrosectomy, removal of sigmoid sinus and adjacent dura, trapezius flap, stereotactic radiation | − / + | |
| 7, M, 61 years | None | DNA | DNA | Yes | DNA; On original presentation —TMJ, parapharyngeal space, foramen ovale | None | + / + | |
| 8, M, 72 years | Total parotidectomy | R0 | None | No | 10.3; Sphenoid sinus, cavernous sinus, clivus, parietal bone | Stereotactic radiation | − / − | |
| 9, F, 39 years | Parotidectomy of unknown extent | DNA | None | No | 36.5; stylomastoid foramen | None | − / − | |
| 10, F, 48 years | Total parotidetomy | R0 | None | No | 15.3; stylomastoid foramen | Stereotactic radiation | − / − | |
| Buiret G et al. 12 | 11, F, 62 years | Total parotidectomy | R0 | None | No | 8; inferior side of the temporal bone with conserved inner and middle ear and brain structures ad no meningeal involvement | Stereotactic radiation, revision surgery | + / − |
| Douglas JG et al. 13 | 12, DNA, DNA | DNA | DNA | DNA | DNA | DNA, DNA | Gamma knife boost | DNA |