TABLE 6.
Association between physical fitness and musculoskeletal injuries in firefighters.
| Univariate models | Multivariate models | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 a | Model 3b | ||||
| OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Dependent variable: musculoskeletal injuries | ||||||
| abVO2max (L•min) | 1.85 (0.81, 4.19) | 0.143 | — | — | — | — |
| relVO2max (mL•kg•min) | 0.95 (0.91, 0.98) | 0.005** | 1.01 (0.93, 1.09) | 0.909 | 1.02 (0.94, 1.11) | 0.644 |
| Grip strength (kg) | 0.99 (0.98, 1.00) | 0.109 | — | — | — | — |
| Leg strength (kg) | 0.99 (0.99, 1.00) | 0.356 | — | — | — | — |
| Push-ups (rpm) | 0.98 (0.96, 0.99) | 0.017* | 0.99 (0.97, 1.01) | 0.994 | 1.00 (0.98, 1.02) | 0.869 |
| Sit-ups (rpm) | 0.97 (0.95, 0.99) | 0.006** | 0.99 (0.96, 1.01) | 0.365 | 0.99 (0.96, 1.02) | 0.505 |
| Sit-and-reach (cm) | 0.97 (0.95, 0.99) | 0.034* | 0.98 (0.95, 1.01) | 0.153 | 0.98 (0.95, 1.01) | 0.182 |
| Lean body mass (kg) | 1.01 (0.98, 1.03) | 0.524 | — | — | — | — |
| Dependent variable: upper body injuries | ||||||
| abVO2max (L•min) | 1.06 (0.393, 2.88) | 0.903 | — | — | — | — |
| relVO2max (mL•kg•min) | 0.94 (0.89, 0.98) | 0.007** | 0.96 (0.87, 1.06) | 0.407 | 0.95 (0.86, 1.05) | 0.289 |
| Grip strength (kg) | 1.01 (0.99, 1.02) | 0.372 | — | — | — | — |
| Leg strength (kg) | 1.00 (0.99, 1.01) | 0.938 | — | — | — | — |
| Push-ups (rpm) | 0.98 (0.96, 1.00) | 0.076 | — | — | — | — |
| Sit-ups (rpm) | 0.97 (0.94, 0.99) | 0.032* | 0.99 (0.96, 1.02) | 0.442 | 0.99 (0.95, 1.02) | 0.342 |
| Sit-and-reach (cm) | 0.99 (0.96, 1.02) | 0.432 | — | — | — | — |
| Lean body mass (kg) | 1.02 (0.99, 1.05) | 0.181 | — | — | — | — |
| Dependent variable: lower body injuries | — | — | — | — | ||
| abVO2max (L•min) | 1.97 (0.763, 5.09) | 0.161 | — | — | — | — |
| relVO2max (mL•kg•min) | 0.97 (0.93,1.01) | 0.173 | — | — | — | — |
| Grip strength (kg) | 0.99 (0.97, 1.00) | 0.048* | 1.01 (0.99, 1.03) | 0.203 | 0.99 (0.97, 1.01) | 0.405 |
| Leg strength (kg) | 0.99 (0.99, 1.01) | 0.415 | — | — | — | — |
| Push-ups (rpm) | 0.99 (0.97, 1.01) | 0.386 | — | — | — | — |
| Sit-ups (rpm) | 0.98 (0.96, 1.01) | 0.190 | — | — | — | — |
| Sit-and-reach (cm) | 0.97 (0.94, 0.99) | 0.041* | 0.97 (0.94, 1.00) | 0.092 | 0.98 (0.95, 1.01) | 0.124 |
| Lean body mass (kg) | 0.99 (0.96, 1.02) | 0.493 | — | — | — | — |
| Dependent variable: shoulder injuries | ||||||
| abVO2max (L•min) | 2.82 (0.48, 16.72) | 0.253 | ||||
| relVO2max (mL•kg•min) | 0.87 (0.79, 0.95) | 0.003** | 0.86 (0.71, 1.03) § | 0.105 | 0.83 (0.69, 1.01) | 0.060 |
| Grip strength (kg) | 1.03 (0.99, 1.06) | 0.090 | — | — | — | — |
| Leg strength (kg) | 1.01 (0.99, 1.02) | 0.521 | — | — | — | — |
| Push-ups (rpm) | 0.95 (0.91, 0.99) | 0.011* | 0.97 (0.92, 1.01) | 0.158 | 0.96 (0.92, 1.01) | 0.105 |
| Sit-ups (rpm) | 0.94 (0.89, 0.99) | 0.013* | 0.97 (0.91, 1.03) | 0.264 | 0.96 (0.91, 1.02) | 0.167 |
| Sit-and-reach (cm) | 0.97 (0.92, 1.02) | 0.251 | — | — | — | — |
| Lean body mass (kg) | 1.05 (0.99, 1.11) | 0.063 | — | — | — | — |
| Dependent variable: lower back injuries | ||||||
| abVO2max (L•min) | 1.45 (0.32, 6.47) | 0.629 | ||||
| relVO2max (mL•kg•min) | 0.97 (0.90, 1.04) | 0.321 | ||||
| Grip strength (kg) | 1.00 (0.98, 1.03) | 0.878 | ||||
| Leg strength (kg) | 0.99 (0.98, 1.01) | 0.738 | ||||
| Push-ups (rpm) | 0.97 (0.94, 0.99) | 0.039* | 0.97 (0.94, 1.01) | 0.157 | 0.98 (0.95, 1.02) | 0.277 |
| Sit-ups (rpm) | 0.97 (0.94, 1.01) | 0.199 | ||||
| Sit-and-reach (cm) | 0.97 (0.93, 1.02) | 0.219 | ||||
| Lean body mass (kg) | 1.02 (0.98, 1.06) | 0.405 | ||||
| Dependent variable: ankle and foot injuries | ||||||
| abVO2max (L•min) | 1.49 (0.45, 5.02) | 0.513 | ||||
| relVO2max (mL•kg•min) | 0.95 (0.89, 1.01) | 0.074 | ||||
| Grip strength (kg) | 0.98 (0.96, 0.99) | 0.022* | 0.98 (0.96, 1.01) | 0.135 | 0.99 (0.96, 1.01) | 0.235 |
| Leg strength (kg) | 0.99 (0.98, 1.01) | 0.300 | ||||
| Push-ups (rpm) | 0.98 (0.95, 1.00) | 0.070 | ||||
| Sit-ups (rpm) | 0.96 (0.933, 0.99) | 0.024* | 0.99 (0.95, 1.03) | 0.522 | 0.99 (0.96, 1.04) | 0.942 |
| Sit-and-reach (cm) | 0.96 (0.93, 1.00) | 0.048* | 0.97 (0.93, 1.01) | 0.134 | 0.97 (0.94, 1.01) | 0.194 |
| Lean body mass (kg) | 0.99 (0.95, 1.02) | 0.453 | ||||
Note: * indicates statistically significance <0.05; ** indicates statistical significance <0.01.
a
—covariates adjusted for: age, sex, body mass index, and weekly MET minutes; b—covariates adjusted for: years of experience, sex, body mass index, and weekly MET minutes; L•min—liters per minute; mL•kg•min—milliliters per minute; kg—kilogram; rpm—repetitions per minute; §—significant when adjusted for age and sex only; §—significant when adjusted for years of experience and sex only.