TABLE 4.
Applications of animal models of CRC.
| Purpose of study | Research methods/models | References |
|---|---|---|
| Studying apoptosis in CRC | Investigation of apoptosis in CRC with CRC xenograft models | Han et al. (2018) |
| Li et al. (2020a) | ||
| Investigation of angiogenesis in CRC | Studying the effect of AOM/DSS-induced expression of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) gene on angiogenesis in CRC | Dai et al. (2016) |
| DMH/DSS-induced expression of CRC angiogenesis factor in rat model | Liu et al. (2015a) | |
| Induction of tumor angiogenesis in vivo via the expression of VEGF and interleukin-8 (IL-8) | Liu et al. (2015b) | |
| Studying angiogenesis in CRC xenografts following induction with drugs, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), and CXCL11 | Rupertus et al. (2014) | |
| Yu et al. (2005) | ||
| Jakopovic et al. (2020) | ||
| Drug-induced in vivo inhibition of angiogenesis | Petrović et al. (2020) | |
| Dickkopf associated protein 2 (DKK2)-induced angiogenesis in CRC xenografts | Ding et al. (2016) | |
| Deng et al. (2019) | ||
| Inhibition of angiogenesis by potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) kinase in orthotopically transplanted CRC tumors | Casillas et al. (2018) | |
| Induction of angiogenesis by hepatectomy in CRC xenografts | Lo et al. (2018) | |
| EG-VEGF induced angiogenesis in orthotopically transplanted CRC tumors | Goi et al. (2004) | |
| Investigation of metabolic reprogramming in CRC | Induction of metabolic reprogramming in CRC xenograft model using hexokinase, free fatty acid (FFA), acetyl coenzyme A, citrate, and other agents | Bu et al. (2018) |
| Wang et al. (2018) | ||
| Dong et al. (2022) | ||
| Zhang et al. (2022) | ||
| AOM/DSS-induced CRC model of metabolic reprogramming | Wu et al. (2020) | |
| Yin et al. (2021) | ||
| Initiation of metabolic reprogramming by DSS-induced inflammation | Qu et al. (2017) | |
| Study of invasion and metastasis in CRC | CRC xenograft model for studying invasion and metastasis in CRC | Rokavec et al. (2014) |
| Erreni et al. (2016) | ||
| Li et al. (2019b) | ||
| Study of immune escape in CRC | Gene mutation-induced model of immune escape | Xing et al. (2021) |
| Wei et al. (2022) | ||
| Generation of immune escape model by ablation of zebrafish macrophages using chlorophosphonate liposomes | Póvoa et al. (2021) | |
| Study of inflammation in CRC | TNBS/oxazolone/DSS-induced inflammatory CRC | Wirtz et al. (2007) |
| LPS/DSS-induced inflammation | Garlanda et al. (2004) | |
| DSS-induced inflammation of intestinal epithelium and mucosa | Mashimo et al. (1996) | |
| Van et al. (2006) | ||
| DSS/AOM-induced inflammation in sporadic CRC | De et al. (2019) | |
| Liang et al. (2017) | ||
| TNBS-induced inflammation | Scheiffele and Fuss (2002) | |
| DMH-induced inflammation | Kumar et al. (2019) | |
| Radiofrequency ablation (RFA)-induced inflammation | Shi et al. (2019) | |
| HFD-induced inflammation | Hu et al. (2021) | |
| Gene mutation-induced inflammatory CRC | Puppa et al. (2011) | |
| De et al. (2020) | ||
| High-iron diet-induced inflammatory CRC | Seril et al. (2006) | |
| Investigation of the mechanism of EMT in CRC | Induction of EMT models via mutations/overexpression/knockdown p rostate transmembrane protein androgen induced 1 (PMEPA1), SOX2, histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), and other genes | Wang et al. (2014) |
| Matsuda et al. (2016) | ||
| Li et al. (2017a) | ||
| Zhuang et al. (2018) | ||
| Yang et al. (2019) | ||
| Zhang et al. (2019) | ||
| Liu et al. (2020b) | ||
| Shen et al. (2021) | ||
| Qi et al. (2021) | ||
| Zhu et al. (2021) | ||
| Liu et al. (2020) | ||
| Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced model of EMT | Li et al. (2021) | |
| Tumor EMT-induced metastatic model of CRC | Adams et al., 2021 | |
| Epigenetic reprogramming | CRC xenograft model for studying epigenetic reprogramming in CRC | Kodach et al. (2021) |
| Induction of gene mutation for studying epigenetic reprogramming in CRC | Hashimoto et al. (2017) | |
| Study of cell aging in CRC | Xenotransplantation model for studying cellular aging in CRC | Gao et al. (2010) |
| Liu et al. (2013) | ||
| Mikuła et al. (2015) | ||
| Hou et al. (2018) | ||
| DMH/DSS-induced model of cellular aging | Liu et al. (2013) | |
| AOM/DSS-induced model of cellular aging | Foersch et al. (2015) | |
| Polymorphic microbiota | AOM/DSS-induced model for studying composition of intestinal microbiota | Wu et al. (2016) |