Table 2.
Categories of BMI, WC, physical activity, and hs-CRP of the study population at baseline and after 31 days of active stage of VLCKD
| Parameters | Baseline Mean ± SD or number (%) n = 324 |
Day 31 of VLCKD Mean ± SD or number (%) n = 324 |
∆% | *p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI categories | ||||
| Normal-weight | 0, 0% | 13, 4.0% | + 4.0% | χ2 = 11.30, p < 0.001 |
| Overweight | 54, 16.7% | 97, 29.9% | + 13.2% | χ2 = 15.23, p < 0.001 |
| Grade I obesity | 103, 31.8% | 105, 32.4% | + 0.6% | χ2 = 0.01, p = 0.933 |
| Grade II obesity | 100, 30.8% | 78, 24.1% | − 6.8% | χ2 = 3.42, p = 0.065 |
| Grade III obesity | 67, 20.7% | 31, 9.6 | − 11.1% | χ2 = 14.73, p < 0.001 |
| WC categories | ||||
| < Cut-off | 50, 15.4% | 93, 28.7% | + 13.3% | χ2 = 15.83, p < 0.001 |
| > Cut-off | 274, 84.6% | 231, 71.3% | – | |
| Physical activity | ||||
| Yes | 102, 31.5% | 102, 31.5% | 0% | χ2 = 0.01, p = 0.933 |
| No | 222, 68.5% | 222, 68.5% | – | |
| ahs-CRP categories | ||||
| < 1.0 mg/L | 52, 19.8% | 108, 41.1% | + 21.6% | χ2 = 27.17, p < 0.001 |
| 1.0–3.0 mg/L | 96, 36.5% | 116, 44.1% | + 7.6% | χ2 = 2.85, p = 0.091 |
| ≥ 3.0 mg/L | 115, 43.7% | 39, 14.8 | − 28.9% | χ2 = 51.65, p < 0.001 |
SD standard deviation, VLCKD very low-calorie ketogenic diet, BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, hs-CRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
*A p value in bold type denotes a significant difference (p < 0.05)
ahs-CRP levels were evaluated in a subgroup of 263 women