Table 3.
Bivariate and Multivariate Analysis for Factors Associated with Male Contraceptive Use, Lira City, Uganda
| Variable | Male Contraceptive Use | Bivariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No n (%) | Yes n (%) | PR | 95% CI | P value | aPR | 95% CI | P value | |
| Age (years) | ||||||||
| 18–24 | 59(27.6) | 44(23.7) | Ref | |||||
| 25–35 | 98(45.8) | 109(58.6) | 1.23 | 0.869–1.750 | 0.24 | 2.49 | 0.636–9.766 | 0.19 |
| 36–45 | 40(18.7) | 28(15.1) | 0.96 | 0.600–1.548 | 0.88 | 1.48 | 0.358–6.152 | 0.59 |
| >45 | 17(7.9) | 5(2.7) | 0.53 | 0.211–1.342 | 0.18 | 0.93 | 0.171–5.118 | 0.94 |
| Education | ||||||||
| None | 11(5.1) | 7(3.8) | Ref | |||||
| Primary | 64(29.8) | 30(16.1) | 0.82 | 0.360–1.868 | 0.61 | |||
| Secondary | 83(38.6) | 55(29.6) | 1.02 | 0.467–2.250 | 0.95 | |||
| Tertiary | 57(26.5) | 94(50.5) | 1.60 | 0.743–3.450 | 0.23 | |||
| Marital status | ||||||||
| In a marital relationship | 131(60.9) | 112(60.2) | Ref | |||||
| Not in a marital relationship | 84(39.1) | 74(39.8) | 1.02 | 0758–1.363 | 0.92 | |||
| Occupation | ||||||||
| Businessman | 46(26.4) | 73(45.3) | Ref | |||||
| Engineer | 5(2.9) | 18(11.2) | 1.28 | 0.762–2.137 | 0.36 | 1.15 | 0.743–1.771 | 0.54 |
| Health worker | 3(1.7) | 4(2.5) | 0.93 | 0.340–2.549 | 0.89 | 1.33 | 0.659–2.675 | 0.43 |
| Peasant | 107(61.5) | 48(29.8) | 0.50 | 0.351–0.727 | <0.001 | 0.81 | 0.567–1.150 | 0.24 |
| Politician | 2(1.2) | 2(1.2) | 0.82 | 0.200–3.321 | 0.78 | 1.01 | 0.457–2.362 | 0.99 |
| Teacher | 11(6.3) | 16(9.4) | 0.97 | 0.562–1.651 | 0.90 | 1.23 | 0.707–2.132 | 0.47 |
| Anglican | 91(42.3) | 99(53.2) | Ref | |||||
| Catholic | 105(48.8) | 75(40.3) | 0.80 | 0.592–1.079 | 0.14 | 0.85 | 0.621–1.157 | 0.30 |
| Muslims | 19(8.8) | 12(6.5) | 0.74 | 0.408–1.352 | 0.33 | 0.56 | 0.281–1.133 | 0.12 |
| Employment | ||||||||
| Employed | 37(17.2) | 43(23.1) | Ref | |||||
| Self employed | 149(69.3) | 128(68.8) | 0.86 | 0.609–1.214 | 0.39 | 1.06 | 0.654–1.727 | 0.81 |
| Student | 29(13.5) | 15(8.1) | 0.63 | 0.352–1.142 | 0.13 | 3.92 | 0.856–17.916 | 0.08 |
| Have children | ||||||||
| No | 78(36.3) | 69(37.1) | Ref | |||||
| Yes | 137(63.7) | 117(62.9) | 0.98 | 0.729–1.321 | 0.90 | |||
| Number of children | ||||||||
| 1–3 | 98(71.0) | 89(76.7) | Ref | |||||
| 4–6 | 27(19.6) | 26(22.4) | 1.03 | 0.666–1.595 | 0.14 | 1.09 | 0.792–1.498 | 0.60 |
| >6 | 13(9.4) | 1(0.9) | 0.15 | 0.021–1.077 | 0.06 | 0.27 | 0.048–1.494 | 0.13 |
| Income | ||||||||
| Below 10,000 | 32(16.1) | 7(4.2) | Ref | Ref | ||||
| 10,000–50,000 | 15(7.5) | 8(4.9) | 1.64 | 0.873–3.085 | 0.12 | 1.35 | 0.687–2.640 | 0.39 |
| >50,000 | 152(76.4) | 150(90.9) | 2.17 | 1.271–3.714 | 0.05 | 1.37 | 0.740–2.511 | 0.32 |
| Heard about male contraceptive | ||||||||
| No | 116(54.0) | 37(19.9) | Ref | |||||
| Yes | 99(46.1) | 149(80.1) | 2.48 | 1.733–3.561 | <0.001 | 1.73 | 1.172–2.539 | 0.006 |
| Willingness to use novel method | ||||||||
| No | 148(68.8) | 99(53.2) | Ref | |||||
| Yes | 67(31.2) | 87(46.8) | 1.72 | 1.272–2.334 | <0.001 | 2.90 | 1.337–6.293 | 0.007 |
| Discussion with spouse | ||||||||
| No | 125(58.1) | 63(33.9) | Ref | |||||
| Yes | 90(41.9) | 123(66.1) | 1.72 | 1.272–2.234 | <0.001 | |||
| Spousal acceptance of contraception | ||||||||
| No | 131(60.9) | 75(40.3) | Ref | |||||
| Yes | 84(39.1) | 111(59.7) | 1.56 | 1.166–2.095 | 0.003 | 0.92 | 0.516–1.651 | 0.79 |
| Responsible for contraception | ||||||||
| Man | 191(42.3) | 48(25.8) | Ref | |||||
| Both | 89(41.4) | 105(56.5) | 1.57 | 1.114–2.205 | 0.01 | 1.53 | 1.113–2.119 | 0.009 |
| Woman | 35(16.3) | 33(17.7) | 1.41 | 0.902–2.189 | 0.13 | 1.43 | 0.093–2.203 | 0.110 |
| Source of information | ||||||||
| Friend | 49(49.5) | 59(48.4) | Ref | |||||
| Social media | 31(31.3) | 40(32.8) | 1.03 | 0.690–1.540 | 0.88 | |||
| Television | 8(8.1) | 5(4.1) | 0.70 | 0.283–1.754 | 0.45 | |||
| Workmate | 11(11.1) | 18(14.8) | 1.14 | 0.670–1.925 | 0.64 | |||
Abbreviations: PR, prevalence ratio; aPR, adjusted prevalence ratio; CI, confidence interval; Ref, reference category.