(a) cAMP pathway in mammalian cells. (b) Adeno-associated viral construct encoding the NIRW-AC (either IlaC* or IlaM5), heme oxygenase BphO, and green fluorescent protein eGFP, used as transfection control from the neuronal hSyn promoter. (c) Comparison of NIRW-AC activities of IlaC* and IlaM5 expressed in HEK293 cells. Cell cultures expressing IlaC* or IlaM5 were irradiated with red (660 nm) light and changes in the cAMP levels were monitored by measuring secreted luciferase MetLuc expressed from the cAMP-dependent promoter. Shown are average data from three biological replicates, each performed in duplicate, ± standard deviation.