Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics
| Derivation and testing cohort (n = 4,026) | External validation cohort (n = 3,287) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 59 ± 16 (18−102) | 60 ± 15 (21−100) |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 2,122 (53%) | 1,814 (55%) |
| Female | 1,904 (47%) | 1,473 (45%) |
| Race | ||
| White | 1,698 (42%) | 1,326 (40%) |
| Black | 1,328 (33%) | 1,544 (47%) |
| Others | 52 (1.3%) | 40 (1%) |
| Unknown | 948 (24%) | 377 (12%) |
| Ethnicity | ||
| Not Hispanic | 3,043 (76%) | 2,850 (87%) |
| Hispanic / Latino | 19 (1%) | 116 (3.5%) |
| Unknown | 964 (23%) | 321 (9.5%) |
| Past medical history | ||
| Hypertension | 2,767 (69%) | 2,090 (64%) |
| Diabetes | 1,146 (29%) | 1,067 (33%) |
| High cholesterol | 1,520 (38%) | 1,376 (42%) |
| Current smoker | 1,244 (31%) | 802 (25%) |
| Known CAD | 1,388 (35%) | 964 (30%) |
| Prior myocardial infarction | 930 (23%) | 929 (29%) |
| Prior PCI | 963 (24%) | 134 (4%) |
| Prior CABG | 357 (10%) | 470 (14%) |
| ECG and laboratory findings | ||
| Sinus rhythm | 3,496 (87%) | 2,614 (80%) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 354 (9%) | 352 (11%) |
| Left BBB | 94 (2.3%) | 114 (3.5%) |
| Right BBB | 237 (5.9%) | 215 (6.6%) |
| ECG-LVH | 383 (9.5%) | 467 (14.2%) |
| cTnI positive (initial) | 330 (8.2%) | 736 (22.4%) |
| cTnI positive (serial testing) | 729 (18.1%) | 1,177 (35.8%) |
| Medical therapy | ||
| PCI (any stent) | 300 (7.5%) | 245 (7.5%) |
| Emergent PCI (<90 min) | 144 (3.6%) | 157 (4.8%) |
| Total LAD occlusion | 91 (2.3%) | 94 (2.9%) |
| Total LCX occlusion | 63 (1.6%) | 88 (2.7%) |
| Total RCA occlusion | 101 (2.5%) | 102 (3.1%) |
| CABG | 34 (0.8%) | 30 (0.9%) |
| Study outcomes | ||
| Confirmed ACS | 550 (13.7%) | 537 (16.3%) |
| OMI | 210 (5.2%) | 209 (6.4%) |
| Other acute myocardial infarction (NOMI) | 240 (6.0%) | 220 (6.7%) |
| Unstable angina | 100 (2.5%) | 108 (3.3%) |
| 30-d cardiovascular death | 137 (3.4%) | 111 (3.4%) |
Values are mean ± s.d. (minimum–maximum) or n (%). CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; NOMI: non-occlusion myocardial infarction; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention.