Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of patients included in the long-term follow-up

	All patients (n = 356)	Erythropoietin (n = 175)	Placebo (n = 181)
Age (years)—Median [IQR]	27.7 [21.4–47.4]	28.2 [20.7–46.8]	27.5 [21.5–47.7]
Female sex—n (%)	66 (18)	30 (17)	36 (20)
Cause of injury—n (%)
Motor vehicle accident	158 (44)	73 (42)	85 (47)
Motorcycle	41 (12)	23 (13)	18 (10)
Bicycle	9 (2)	4 (2)	5 (3)
Pedestrian	38 (11)	19 (11)	19 (11)
Fall/jump	75 (21)	42 (24)	33 (18)
Hit by object	25 (7)	11 (6)	14 (8)
Other	10 (3)	3 (2)	7 (4)
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury—n (%)	267 (75)	131 (75)	136 (75)
Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury—n (%)	89 (25)	44 (25)	45 (25)
Pupillary response—n (%)
Both reacting	293 (82)	142 (81)	151 (83)
Dilated and both non-reactive	1 (0.3)	0 (0)	1 (1)
Both non-reactive	27 (8)	11 (6)	16 (9)
One non-reactive	31 (9)	20 (11)	11 (6)
Unknown	4 (1)	2 (1)	2 (1)
Hypotension—n (%)	124 (35)	65 (37)	59 (33)
Hypoxia—n (%)	77 (22)	40 (23)	37 (20)
Haemoglobin at baseline (g/L)—Mean (STD)	118 (21.1)	119 (20.4)	117 (21.7)
APACHE II Score—Mean (STD)	20.6 (7.1)	21 (7.4)	20.1 (6.7)
Injury Severity Score—Mean (STD)	27 (10)	27.3 (9.3)	26.7 (10.6)
IMPACT-TBI probability of poor outcome—Mean (STD)	0.46 (0.23)	0.47 (0.24)	0.46 (0.23)
Abbreviated Injury Head Score—Median [IQR]	4 [3–5]	4 [3–5]	4 [3–5]
Marshall CT classification—n (%)
I	13 (4)	8 (5)	5 (3)
II	216 (61)	108 (62)	108 (60)
III	47 (13)	21 (12)	26 (14)
IV	12 (3)	6 (3)	6 (3)
V	8 (3)	3 (2)	5 (3)
VI	60 (17)	29 (17)	31 (17)
Time from injury to randomization, hr—Mean (STD)	17.9 (5.6)	18 (5.34)	17.8 (5.85)
Time from injury to first dose, hr—Mean (STD)	19.2 (5.3)	19.2 (5.1)	19.1 (5.6)

APACHE acute physiology and chronic health evaluation, CT computed tomography, IMPACT-TBI International Mission for Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials in traumatic brain injury