Fig. 3.

Mean normalized Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) importance scores for the top 20 predictors for the combined model. The colours reference the direction of each variable for prediction of failing to meet the national minimum standard (NMS) on the Reading and Numeracy domains. Red indicates a higher value or the presence of the variable contributing most to failing to meet the NMS (e.g. “total ICU length of stay”, implying that a higher number of ICU days are associated with a higher risk of failing to meet the NMS). Blue indicates a lower value or absence of that variable contributing most to failing to meet the NMS (e.g. “systolic blood pressure”, implying that lower systolic blood pressure values are associated with a higher risk of failing to meet the NMS). The principal component (PC) variables shown are labelled with the diagnostic ICU code that has the highest component loading. Please refer to Supplementary Table 1 for the list of all codes with high loadings on each PC