Table 2.
Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of the multivariable logistic regression for the association between modified Mediterranean diet score (mMED) and depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10).
| Mediterranean diet score | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–2 | 3–4 | 5–6 | 7–9 | ||||
| ORs | ORs (95% CIs) | p-value | ORs (95% CIs) | p-value | ORs (95% CIs) | p-value | |
| Model 1a | 1.0 (ref) | 0.65 (0.44–0.97) | 0.034 | 0.54 (0.36–0.80) | 0.002 | 0.32 (0.20–0.50) | <0.001 |
| Model 2b | 1.0 (ref) | 0.56 (0.37–0.86) | 0.007 | 0.50 (0.33–0.77) | 0.002 | 0.30 (0.19–0.49) | <0.001 |
| Model 3c | 1.0 (ref) | 0.58 (0.37–0.90) | 0.015 | 0.50 (0.31–0.80) | 0.004 | 0.27 (0.15–0.47) | <0.001 |
a
Model 1 was unadjusted.
b
Model 2 was adjusted for sex, age, residential area, household income, marital status, and educational level.
c
Model 3 was additionally adjusted for sleep, exercise variations, smoking, alcohol use, BMI group, chronic medical disease, and energy intake.
Each modified Mediterranean diet score group was compared with the 0–2 group and p-value < 0.05 was defined as significant. PHQ-9, patient health questionnaire-9; ORs, odds ratios; CIs, confidence intervals; ref, reference group; BMI, body mass index.