Table 2. Cohort Characteristics.
| Covariate | Participants, No. (%) (N = 5946) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARIC (n = 1791) | CHS (n = 701)a | FHS (n = 640) | MrOS (n = 2619) | SOF (n = 195) | |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 62.4 (5.7) | 76.7 (3.7) | 58.5 (8.4) | 76.2 (5.5) | 89.1 (2.9) |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 927 (51.8) | 408 (58.2) | 345 (53.9) | 0 (0) | 195 (100) |
| Male | 864 (48.2) | 293 (41.8) | 295 (46.1) | 2619 (100) | 0 (0) |
| Self-reported race and ethnicity, No. (%)b | |||||
| Black | 7 (0.4) | 100 (14.3) | 54 (8.4) | 81 (3.1) | 15 (7.7) |
| White | 1778 (99.3) | 601 (85.7) | 518 (80.9) | 2382 (91.0) | 179 (91.8) |
| Other | 6 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 68 (10.6) | 156 (5.9) | 1 (0.5) |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 (<0.1) | NA | 0 (0) | 1 (0) | NA |
| Asian | 5 (0.3) | NA | 0 (0) | 76 (2.9) | 1 (0.5) |
| Asian Indian or Pacific Islander | NA | NA | 22 (3.4) | NA | NA |
| Hispanic | NA | NA | 46 (7.2) | 48 (1.8) | NA |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | NA | NA | 0 (0) | 3 (0.1) | NA |
| Multiracial or multiethnic | NA | NA | 0 (0) | 28(1.1) | NA |
| Education | |||||
| <High school | 185 (10.3) | 118 (16.8) | 47 (7.4) | 114 (4.4) | 31 (17.2) |
| High school | 641 (35.8) | 394 (56.2) | 173 (27.0) | 420 (16.0) | 89 (49.4) |
| >High school | 965 (53.9) | 189 (27.0) | 420 (65.6) | 2085 (79.6) | 60 (33.3) |
| Time between PSG and cognitive testing, mean (SD), y | 0.3 (0.8) | 2.1 (0.6) | 3.7 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 4.63 (0.7) |
| Systolic BP, mean (SD), mm Hg | 121.0 (17.0) | 129.6 (18.8) | 125.9 (16.7) | 126.7 (16.1) | 135.8 (16.7) |
| Hypertension treatment | 606 (33.8) | 381 (54.4) | 158 (24.7) | 1735 (66.3) | 140 (71.8) |
| Hypertension | 632 (35.3) | 392 (55.9) | 242 (37.9) | 1876 (71.6) | 159 (82.0) |
| Prevalent diabetes | 98 (5.5) | 78 (11.1) | 62 (9.8) | 342 (13.1) | 18 (9.2) |
| Prevalent CVD | 143 (8.0) | 69 (9.8) | 42 (6.6) | 1032 (39.5) | 36 (20.0) |
| Current smoker | 176 (9.8) | 38 (5.4) | 85 (13.3) | 1577 (60.2) | 3 (1.5) |
| BMI, median (IQR) | 28.3 (25.3-31.7) | 27.4 (25.0-29.8) | 27.3 (24.5-30.9) | 26.7 (24.6-29.3) | 27.8 (25.2-31.3) |
| Sleeping pill use | 434 (24.2) | 156 (22.3) | 116 (18.4) | 541 (20.7) | 51 (26.2) |
| Antidepressant use | 128 (7.2) | 34 (4.9) | 38 (5.9) | 192 (7.3) | 15 (7.7) |
| Sedative use | 86 (4.8) | 42 (6.0) | 24 (3.8) | 183 (7.0) | 28 (14.4) |
| APOE ε4 carrier | 483 (27.0) | 162 (23.1) | 137 (21.9) | 497 (23.6) | NA |
Abbreviations: ARIC, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study; BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); BP, blood pressure; CHS, Cardiovascular Health Study; CVD, cardiovascular disease; FHS, Framingham Heart Study; MrOS, Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study; NA, not applicable; SOF, Study of Osteoporotic Fractures.
Based on the sample of 701 participants with data available for global cognition. Analysis of domain-specific scores was based on a subset of this sample with more extensive cognitive testing (232 participants).
Race and ethnicity were self-reported and categorized as Black, White, or other, with other defined by different cohorts as American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Asian Indian or Pacific Islander, Hispanic, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, or multiracial.