Table 3.
ORs (95%CI) of premature coronary artery disease across tertiles of ultra-processed foods consumption.
| Variables | UPF tertiles (% of Kcal) | p-trend1 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T2 | T3 | ||
| Crude model | 1 | 1.09 (0.92, 1.30) | 2.14 (1.78, 2.57) | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.11 (0.91, 1.34) | 2.60 (2.10, 3.21) | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.14 (0.92, 1.41) | 2.84 (2.23, 3.62) | <0.001 |
| Model 3 | 1 | 1.09 (0.87, 1.35) | 2.53 (1.98, 3.24) | <0.001 |
| Model 4 | 1 | 1.09 (0.87, 1.35) | 2.53 (1.97, 3.24) | <0.001 |
| Model 5 | 1 | 1.09 (0.87, 1.36) | 2.52 (1.97, 3.23) | <0.001 |
1
p trend was determined by ANOVA and ANCOVA in the crude and adjusted models for continuous variables and mantel Hansel for categorical variables.
UPF: ultra processed food.
Model 1: adjusted for age (years), sex (male/female), daily energy intake (Kcal/day).
Model 2: additionally, adjusted for smoking (yes/no), level of education (under graduate/graduate/post graduate), different ethnicities and family history of cardiovascular disease (yes/no).
Model 3: additionally, adjusted for Mediterranean dietary index.
Model 4: additionally, adjusted for body mass index (Kg/m2).
Model 5: additionally, adjusted for waist circumference (cm).