Table 13.
The suggestions to implement PV and ADR reporting vs sociodemographic characteristics
| Demographic characteristics | Median knowledge score (IQR) | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||
| Female | 47 (43–50) | 0.879a |
| Male | 47 (44–50) | |
| Age | ||
| 20–29 | 47 (43–50) | 0.626b |
| 30–39 | 48 (44–51) | |
| 40–49 | 47 (40.5–50) | |
| ≥ 50 | 49 (42.5–52.25) | |
| Nationality | ||
| Emirati | 44 (43.25–49.5) | 0.520b |
| Non-Emirati: | ||
| - Middle East (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman, Jordan, Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, Iraq, Iran, Yemen) | 47 (44–51) | |
| - Asia (India, Pakistan, Philippines, Bangladesh) | 46 (43–50) | |
| - Africa (Moroccan, Tunisia, Libya, Algeria, Egypt, Sudan, Nigeria, Somalia) | 47 (44–50) | |
| - America and North America (USA, Canada)c | – | |
| - Europe (UK, Cyprus)c | – | |
| Qualification | ||
| Diploma in Pharmacy | 42 (37.5–46.75) | 0.048b |
| Bachelor in Pharmacy | 47 (43–50) | |
| PharmD | 47 (42–50) | |
| Master in Pharmacy | 48 (45–51) | |
| PhD | 45 (42.5–53.5) | |
| Country of graduation | ||
| UAE | 47 (43–50) | 0.453b |
| Other countries: | ||
| - Middle East (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Iran) | 49 (45–52) | |
| - Asia (India, Pakistan, Philippines, Bangladesh) | 46 (43–50) | |
| - Africa (Libya, Algeria, Egypt, Sudan, Somalia) | 47 (44–50) | |
| - America and North America (USA, Canada) | 49 (44–53) | |
| - Europe (UK, Cyprus)c | – | |
| Current position | ||
| Pharmacist technicianc | – | < 0.001b,* |
| Pharmacist | 46 (43–50) | |
| Clinical pharmacist | 46 (42.75–51) | |
| Pharmacist in charge | 49 (44–51) | |
| Inpatient pharmacist | 47 (44–50) | |
| Outpatient pharmacist | 50 (48.5–52) | |
| Pharmacy manager | 43 (31–45) | |
| Years of experiences | ||
| < 5 | 47 (44–50) | 0.373b |
| 5–9 | 48 (43–50) | |
| 10–14 | 48 (43.75–51) | |
| ≥ 15 | 44 (39–50.5) | |
| Type of setting (hospitals) | ||
| Semi-governmental hospitals | 47.5 (43–52) | 0.505b |
| Private non-teaching hospitals | 47 (43–50) | |
| Private teaching hospitals | 48 (43.5–51) | |
| Governmental hospitals | 48 (44–51) | |
| Name of the emirates | ||
| Abu Dhabi | 47 (43–50) | 0.027b |
| Dubai | 46.5 (42.25–49.75) | |
| Northern Emirates (Sharjah, Ajman, Ras Al Khaimah, Umm Al Quwain, Fujairah) | 49 (44–51) | |
Bold values indicate statistical significance
IQR interquartile range
aMann–Whitney test
bKruskal–Wallis test
cThe total responses may not sum up to 100% in few cases due to low intervals
*Significant (p < 0.05)