Table 6.
Pharmacists’ attitude towards PV and ADR reporting vs sociodemographic characteristics
| Demographic characteristics | Median knowledge score (IQR) | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||
| Female | 22 (20–24) | 0.815a |
| Male | 22 (21–24) | |
| Age | ||
| 20–29 | 22 (21–24) | 0.540b |
| 30–39 | 22 (20–24) | |
| 40–49 | 23 (19–25) | |
| ≥ 50 | 24 (20–26) | |
| Nationality | ||
| Emirati | 22 (20–23) | 0.679b |
| Non-Emirati: | ||
| - Middle East (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman, Jordan, Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, Iraq, Iran, Yemen) | 22 (20–24) | |
| - Asia (India, Pakistan, Philippines, Bangladesh) | 22 (21–24) | |
| - Africa (Moroccan, Tunisia, Libya, Algeria, Egypt, Sudan, Nigeria, Somalia) | 22 (20–24.75) | |
| - America and North America (USA, Canada)c | – | |
| - Europe (UK, Cyprus)c | – | |
| Qualification | ||
| Diploma in Pharmacy | 22.5 (18.75–23.25) | 0.059b |
| Bachelor in Pharmacy | 22 (20–24) | |
| PharmD | 23 (21–25) | |
| Master in Pharmacy | 23 (21–24.5) | |
| PhD | 25 (23–26.5) | |
| Country of graduation | ||
| UAE | 23 (21–25) | 0.424b |
| Other countries: | ||
| - Middle East (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Iran) | 22 (20–24) | |
| - Asia (India, Pakistan, Philippines, Bangladesh) | 22 (21–24) | |
| - Africa (Libya, Algeria, Egypt, Sudan, Somalia) | 22 (20–24) | |
| - America and North America (USA, Canada) | 21 (20–23.5) | |
| - Europe (UK, Cyprus)c | – | |
| Current position | ||
| Pharmacist technicianc | – | 0.004b,* |
| Pharmacist | 22 (20–24) | |
| Clinical pharmacist | 23 (21–25) | |
| Pharmacist in Charge | 23 (20–25) | |
| Inpatient pharmacist | 24 (22–25) | |
| Outpatient pharmacist | 21 (20–22) | |
| Pharmacy manager | 22 (17.5–23.5) | |
| Years of experiences | ||
| < 5 | 22 (20–24) | 0.002b,* |
| 5–9 | 23 (21–24) | |
| 10–14 | 23 (21.75–26) | |
| ≥ 15 | 24 (19.5–25.5) | |
| Type of setting (hospitals) | ||
| Semi-governmental hospitals | 23 (21–26) | 0.183b |
| Private non-teaching hospitals | 22 (20–24) | |
| Private teaching hospitals | 23 (21–25) | |
| Governmental hospitals | 22 (20–25) | |
| Name of the emirates | ||
| Abu Dhabi | 23 (20–25) | 0.187b |
| Dubai | 23 (20–24.75) | |
| Northern Emirates (Sharjah, Ajman, Ras Al Khaimah, Umm Al Quwain, Fujairah) | 22 (21–23) | |
Bold values indicate statistical significance
IQR interquartile range
aMann–Whitney test
bKruskal–Wallis test
cThe total responses may not sum up to 100% in few cases due to low intervals
*Significant (p < 0.05)