Table 2.
Relationship between characteristics and pulse pressure
| Variables | PP (mmHg) | p-value | PP 50 mmHg | PP 50 mmHg | p-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mean ± SD | n (%) | n (%) | |||
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | < 0.001§ | < 0.001 | |||
| 18.5–22.9 | 48.2 ± 11.0 | 9,062 (58.6) | 6,400 (41.4) | ||
| < 18.5 | 46.7 ± 11.8 | 486 (64.8) | 264 (35.2) | ||
| 23.0–24.9 | 49.7 ± 10.9 | 8,122 (52.9) | 7,224 (47.1) | ||
| 25.0.29.9 | 50.9 ± 11.0 | 11,212 (47.7) | 12,307 (52.3) | ||
| ≥ 30.0 | 53.0 ± 11.9 | 2,858 (40.6) | 4,178 (59.4) | ||
| Sex | < 0.001† | < 0.001 | |||
| Men | 50.2 ± 11.1 | 27,737 (50.7) | 26,925 (49.3) | ||
| Women | 49.3 ± 11.9 | 4,003 (53.7) | 3,448 (46.3) | ||
| Age (years) | < 0.001§ | < 0.001 | |||
| 35–39 | 48.3 ± 10.2 | 10,066 (57.4) | 7,460 (42.6) | ||
| 40–44 | 48.4 ± 10.3 | 6,485 (57.0) | 4,884 (43.0) | ||
| 45–49 | 49.1 ± 10.7 | 6,041 (54.6) | 5,023 (45.4) | ||
| 50–54 | 51.3 ± 11.6 | 4,374 (46.8) | 4,977 (53.2) | ||
| 55–60 | 54.0 ± 12.4 | 4,774 (37.3) | 8,029 (62.7) | ||
| Regions | < 0.001§ | < 0.001 | |||
| Bangkok | 49.9 ± 10.4 | 6,764 (52.2) | 6,189 (47.8) | ||
| Central | 50.5 ± 11.0 | 9,911 (49.3) | 10,173 (50.7) | ||
| Northeast | 52.8 ± 12.6 | 4,834 (43.2) | 6,362 (56.8) | ||
| North | 47.1 ± 11.3 | 6,150 (59.8) | 4,127 (40.2) | ||
| South | 49.5 ± 10.0 | 4,081 (53.7) | 3,522 (46.3) | ||
| Health insurance scheme | 0.116§ | 0.184 | |||
| Civil servant medical benefit | 50.1 ± 11.2 | 29,839 (50.9) | 28,780 (49.1) | ||
| Social security | 50.7 ± 12.2 | 675 (48.6) | 713 (51.4) | ||
| Universal health coverage | 49.6 ± 10.8 | 253 (52.6) | 228 (47.4) | ||
| Blood pressure, mmHg | < 0.001† | < 0.001 | |||
| SBP < 140 and DBP < 90 | 47.2 ± 8.7 | 25,947 (60.4) | 17,048 (39.7) | ||
| SBP ≥ 140 or DBP ≥ 90 | 56.6 ± 13.4 | 5,793 (30.3) | 13,325 (69.7) | ||
| Fasting plasma glucose, mg/dL | < 0.001† | < 0.001 | |||
| < 126 | 49.8 ± 10.7 | 24,955 (51.9) | 23,144 (48.1) | ||
| ≥ 126 | 53.1 ± 12.3 | 2,202 (41.6) | 3,099 (58.5) | ||
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | < 0.001† | 0.002 | |||
| < 200 | 50.1 ± 11.3 | 11,188 (50.9) | 10,797 (49.1) | ||
| ≥ 200 | 49.7 ± 10.9 | 18,546 (52.2) | 16,960 (47.8) | ||
| Regular exercise | < 0.001† | < 0.001 | |||
| Yes | 50.4 ± 11.3 | 14,806 (52.4) | 13,472 (47.6) | ||
| No | 49.8 ± 11.2 | 16,401 (49.9) | 16,477 (50.1) | ||
| Smoking status | 0.063§ | 0.002 | |||
| Never | 50.1 ± 11.4 | 17,179 (50.8) | 16,631 (49.2) | ||
| Ex-smoker | 50.3 ± 11.0 | 5,293 (50.4) | 5,218 (49.6) | ||
| Current smoker | 49.9 ± 11.0 | 9,128 (52.2) | 8,348 (47.8) | ||
| Alcohol use | < 0.001§ | < 0.001 | |||
| Never | 50.0 ± 11.5 | 8,598 (51.2) | 8,179 (48.8) | ||
| Ex-drinker | 48.6 ± 11.2 | 4,874 (56.6) | 3,736 (43.4) | ||
| Current drinker | 50.5 ± 11.1 | 18,138 (49.8) | 18,305 (50.2) |
§ANOVA, †student t-test, *Chi-square, PP Pulse pressure (mmHg)