Table 3.
Published clinical trials of immune checkpoint inhibitors and novel therapy in ACC
| Drug | Mechanism | Study phase | Patients | Outcomes | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avelumab | PDL-1 inhibitor | I | 50 |
ORR 6% PFS 2.6 m OS10.6 m |
[37] |
| Pembrolizumab | PDL-1 inhibitor | II | 16 |
NPR 36% SD 50% PR 14% |
[39] |
| Pembrolizumab | PDL-1 inhibitor | II | 39 |
ORR 23.1% PFS 2.1 m OS 24.9 m |
[40] |
| Pembrolizumab | PDL-1 inhibitor | Case report | 2 | Prolonged CR in patient with MSH2 mutation (MMRD) | [41] |
| Pembrolizumab | PDL-1 inhibitor | Case report | 1 | Sustained PR | [42] |
| Pembrolizumab/ipilimumab | PDL-1 inhibitor/CTLA-4 inhibitor | II | 18 |
ORR 8% PR 8% SD 36% |
[43] |
| Mebendazole | Anti-helminthic/microtubule inhibitor | Case report | 1 | PR with SD for 24 months | [45] |
| Zoledronic acid | Osteoclast inhibition | Case report | 1 | CR with SD for 7 years | [47] |
PFS progression-free survival, OS overall survival, ORR objective response rate, OSD overall survival difference, PD progressive disease, SD stable disease, CR complete response, m months, MMRD mismatch repair deficiency, NPR non-progression rate