Table 3. Bivariate analysis of Self-reported Awake Bruxism and clinical signs and symptoms among adolescents from Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| Clinical signs | Self-report of Awake Bruxism - Grinding activity | P | Self-report of Awake Bruxism -Clenching activity | P | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Sometimes | Often | No | Sometimes | Often | |||
| Headaches frequently (3 or more times a week) | ||||||||
| Yes | 103 (34.0)a | 36 (46.8)a,b | 17 (73.9)b | <.001* | 62 (29.0)a | 63 (45.0)b | 31 (63.3)b | <.001* |
| No | 200 (66.0) | 41 (53.2) | 06 (26.1) | 152 (71.0) | 77 (55.0) | 18 (36.7) | ||
| Pain upon palpation on temporal muscle | ||||||||
| Present | 22 (07.3)a | 14 (18.2)b | 08 (34.8)b | <.001┼ | 15 (07.0)a | 13 (09.3)a | 16 (32.7)b | <.001* |
| Absent | 281 (92.7) | 63 (81.8) | 15 (65.2) | 199 (93.0) | 127 (90.7) | 33 (67.3) | ||
| Pain upon palpation on masseter muscle | ||||||||
| Present | 32 (10.6)a | 25 (32.5)b | 09 (39.1)b | <.001┼ | 17 (07.9)a | 28 (20.0)b | 21 (42.9)c | <.001* |
| Absent | 271 (89.4) | 52 (67.5) | 14 (60.9) | 197 (92.1) | 112 (80.0) | 28 (57.1) | ||
| Indentations on the tongue | ||||||||
| Present | 74 (24.4) | 17 (22.1) | 02 (08.7) | .219* | 48 (22.4) | 34 (24.3) | 11 (22.4) | .916* |
| Absent | 229 (75.6) | 60 (77.9) | 21 (91.3) | 166 (77.6) | 106 (75.7) | 38 (77.6) | ||
| Linea alba | ||||||||
| Present | 124 (40.9) | 33 (42.9) | 10 (43.5) | .915* | 85 (39.7) | 61 (43.6) | 21 (42.9) | .755* |
| Absent | 179 (59.1) | 44 (57.1) | 13 (56.5) | 129 (60.3) | 79 (56.4) | 28 (57.1) | ||
| Attrition wear score | ||||||||
| 0 | 04 (01.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | .816┼ | 02 (0.9) | 02 (01.4) | 0 (0.0) | .923┼ |
| 1 | 297 (98.0) | 77 (100) | 23 (100) | 211 (98.6) | 137 (97.9) | 49 (100) | ||
| 2 | 02 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 01 (0.5) | 01 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Number of teeth with attrition wear | ||||||||
| Mean [± SD] | 12.2 [±5.9] | 12.9 [±5.3] | 13.8 [±4.6] | .185╪ | 12.4 [±5.9] | 12.2 [±5.7] | 13.1 [±5.1] | .554╪ |
| Median [Min-Max] | 12 [0-28] | 13 [3-23] | 13 [3-22] | 12 [0-28] | 12 [0-25] | 13 [4-22] | ||
| Number of anterior teeth with attrition wear | ||||||||
| Mean [± SD] | 6.1 [±3.5] | 6.7 [±3.2] | 7.2 [±3.4] | .171╪ | 6.2 [±3.4] | 6.2 [±3.6] | 6.9 [±3.2] | .401╪ |
| Median [Min-Max] | 6 [0-2] | 7 [0-12] | 7 [0-12] | 6 [0-12] | 6.5 [0-12] | 7 [0-12] | ||
| Number of posterior teeth with attrition wear | ||||||||
| Mean [± SD] | 6.0 [±3.9] | 6.1 [±3.7] | 6.6 [±3.7] | .765╪ | 6.2 [±4.0] | 5.9 [±3.4] | 6.1 [±4.2] | .953╪ |
| Median [Min-Max] | 6 [0-16] | 6 [0-15] | 6 [0-14] | 6 [0-16] | 6 [0-14] | 6 [0-15] | ||
Pearson’s Qui-Square test and post-tests; ┼Fisher’s Exact test and post-tests; ╪Kruskal-Wallis test and post-tests. P = Probability value; SD = Standard Deviation; Min = Minimum; Max = Maximum. Values in parenthesis represent the percentage on the column. Values in bold represent statistically significant association. Different letters represent statistical differences.