Figure 2.
Cryptic female choice can result in less ejaculate investment than models with sperm competition only. (A) Scatter plots of average population sperm trait (m) and sperm number (s) at generation 30,000 with dashed lines indicating predicted sperm number from the game theory model (xe). Line shown is the best fit local polynomial regression (“LOESS” function) between m and s. Similar graphs at other parameter combinations can be made on the SI web app. (B) Box plots and jittered points of the population average relative deviation of simulations at generation 30,000 compared to the analytical model’s predicted investment . Values at the black dashed line indicate that a simulation exactly matched the game theory model prediction; values above the line indicate more investment than predicted; values below the line represent lower investment than predicted. Simulations of sperm competition only are from simulations with stabilizing selection, fair raffle results are shown in Supplementary Figure S5.