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. 2023 Jul 18;57:44. doi: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2023057004410

Table 5. Clustering patterns of promotional strategies presented on the packaging of ultra-processed foods subgroups sold in Brazilian supermarkets, 2017.

Number of promotional strategies Characters Athletes or sports events Awards BDG claims Nutrition claim Health claim Expected prevalence (%) Observed prevalence (%) Observed/ Expected prevalence
6 + + + + + + 0.00 0.00 0.00
5 - + + + + + 0.00 0.00 0.00
+ - + + + + 0.00 0.00 0.00
+ + - + + + 0.00 0.00 0.00
+ + + - + + 0.00 0.04 76.92
+ + + + - + 0.00 0.00 0.00
+ + + + + - 0.00 0.00 0.00
4 - - + + + + 0.01 0.00 0.00
- + - + + + 0.00 0.04 13.25
- + + - + + 0.00 0.04 19.31
- + + + - + 0.00 0.00 0.00
- + + + + - 0.00 0.00 0.00
+ - - + + + 0.10 0.49 4.71
+ - + - + + 0.07 0.18 2.49
+ - + + - + 0.01 0.00 0.00
+ - + + + - 0.01 0.00 0.00
+ + - - + + 0.02 0.04 2.52
+ + - + - + 0.00 0.00 0.00
+ + - + + - 0.00 0.00 0.00
+ + + - - + 0.00 0.00 0.00
+ + + - + - 0.00 0.00 0.00
+ + + + - - 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 - - - + + + 0.42 1.56 3.76
- - + - + + 0.29 0.49 1.72
- - + + - + 0.02 0.00 0.00
- - + + + - 0.03 0.00 0.00
- + - - + + 0.07 0.22 3.16
- + - + - + 0.01 0.00 0.00
- + - + + - 0.01 0.00 0.00
- + + - - + 0.00 0.00 0.00
- + + - + - 0.00 0.04 9.48
- + + + - - 0.00 0.00 0.00
+ - - - + + 2.19 3.22 1.47
+ - - + - + 0.18 0.13 0.73
+ - - + + - 0.21 0.09 0.42
+ - + - - + 0.13 0.00 0.00
+ - + - + - 0.15 0.40 2.76
+ - + + - - 0.01 0.00 0.00
+ + - - - + 0.03 0.04 1.42
+ + - - + - 0.04 0.04 1.24
+ + - + - - 0.00 0.00 0.00
+ + + - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 - - - - + + 8.71 14.34 1.65
- - - + - + 0.74 1.07 1.46
- - - + + - 0.85 0.13 0.16
- - + - - + 0.51 0.13 0.27
- - + - + - 0.58 0.31 0.54
- - + + - - 0.05 0.00 0.00
- + - - - + 0.13 0.09 0.71
- + - - + - 0.14 0.09 0.62
- + - + - - 0.01 0.00 0.00
- + + - - - 0.01 0.00 0.00
+ - - - - + 3.87 2.37 0.61
+ - - - + - 4.45 3.49 0.78
+ - - + - - 0.38 0.27 0.71
+ - + - - - 0.26 0.36 1.38
+ + - - - - 0.06 0.04 0.70
1 - - - - - + 15.42 8.40 0.54
- - - - + - 17.74 10.81 0.61
- - - + - - 1.50 0.76 0.51
- - + - - - 1.03 1.16 1.13
- + - - - - 0.25 0.04 0.18
+ - - - - - 7.88 8.85 1.12

BDG: Brazilian Dietary Guidelines.