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. 2023 Jul 20;53(8):24–28. doi: 10.1097/01.NURSE.0000942784.14340.1f

The ABCD approach11

A Antecedents What happened prior to the unwanted behavior?
B Behavior Describe in detail the exact events as they happened.
C Consequences What was done in response to the behavior and did it escalate or de-escalate the patient?
D Decision/Debrief What did caregivers learn from this encounter that can shape future responses?
HHS Vulnerability Disclosure