Table 2.
Crude and adjusted geometric means of peak PSA, the most recent PSA, and average PSA during the study period by quintile of current testosterone level, 632 prostate cancer-free men with initial-PSA < 4 ng/mL
| Current testosterone level (ng/dL) | N | Crude (95% CI) (ng/mL) |
Multivariable-adjusted (95% CI) (ng/mL)* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Peak PSA | |||
| Quint 1, 3.0 to < 236.0 | 132 | 1.13 (0.99, 1.28) | 1.29 (1.22, 1.36) |
| Quint 2, 236.0 to < 333.0 | 124 | 1.26 (1.11, 1.43) | 1.25 (1.19, 1.32) |
| Quint 3, 333.0 to < 421.0 | 129 | 1.48 (1.31, 1.67) | 1.31 (1.23, 1.39) |
| Quint 4, 421.0 to < 529.0 | 122 | 1.44 (1.27, 1.64) | 1.34 (1.26, 1.41) |
| Quint 5, 529.0 to 1374.0 | 125 | 1.18 (1.04, 1.33) | 1.26 (1.19, 1.33) |
| Ptrend† | 0.590 | 0.965 | |
| The most recent PSA | |||
| Quint 1, 3.0 to < 236.0 | 132 | 0.77 (0.66, 0.89) | 0.90 (0.86, 0.93) |
| Quint 2, 236.0 to < 333.0 | 124 | 0.96 (0.85, 1.09) | 0.93 (0.90, 0.96) |
| Quint 3, 333.0 to < 421.0 | 129 | 1.10 (0.98, 1.24) | 0.98 (0.94, 1.02) |
| Quint 4, 421.0 to < 529.0 | 122 | 1.07 (0.95, 1.20) | 0.98 (0.95, 1.02) |
| Quint 5, 529.0 to 1374.0 | 125 | 0.88 (0.78, 1.00) | 0.95 (0.91, 0.99) |
| Ptrend† | 0.216 | 0.049 | |
| Average PSA | |||
| Quint 1, 3.0 to < 236.0 | 132 | 0.84 (0.75, 0.95) | 0.97 (0.93, 1.02) |
| Quint 2, 236.0 to < 333.0 | 124 | 1.00 (0.89, 1.13) | 0.98 (0.94, 1.02) |
| Quint 3, 333.0 to < 421.0 | 129 | 1.13 (1.02, 1.25) | 1.01 (0.97, 1.05) |
| Quint 4, 421.0 to < 529.0 | 122 | 1.10 (0.98, 1.23) | 1.01 (0.97, 1.05) |
| Quint 5, 529.0 to 1374.0 | 125 | 0.88 (0.79, 0.98) | 0.95 (0.91, 0.99) |
| Ptrend† | 0.695 | 0.502 | |
PSA, prostate-specific antigen; CI, confidence interval
*Adjusted for race (White, Black, other, unknown); age (years), body mass index (< 25, 25 to < 30, ≥ 30, unknown), smoking status (current smoker, former smoker, never smoke, unknown), family history of prostate cancer (yes/no), and diabetes (yes/no) at baseline; number of testosterone measurements, time interval (months) over all testosterone measurements, number of PSA measurements, time interval (months) over all PSA measurements, and time interval (months) between baseline and the first PSA measurement
†Ptrend was calculated by modeling log-transformed PSA concentration and median value of the testosterone measure by quintile