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. 2023 Jul 19;9(29):eadh9002. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adh9002

Fig. 5. Model of SPARTA activity in prokaryotic immunity and potential biotechnological applications.

Fig. 5.

(A) Assembly pathway of M. polysiphoniae SPARTA (MapSPARTA) upon binding guide RNA (gRNA) generated from transcription of invading plasmid or viral DNA which leads to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (oxidized form) (NAD) depletion and abortive immunity. (B) Cartoon of the formation of SPARTA dimers upon nucleic acid recognition with the TIR domain replaced with other dimerization-dependent effectors for biotechnological applications.