Table 1.
Characteristics of the patients
| Parameters | Number of evaluable patients | Number of patients (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) at diagnosis of stage IV | 68 | |
| ≥ 50 | 23 (33.8) | |
| < 50 | 45 (66.2%) | |
| Gender | 68 | |
| Female | 45 (66.2) | |
| Male | 23 (33.8) | |
| Hormone-related symptoms | 68 | 47 (69.1%) |
| Glucocorticoids | 41 | |
| Androgens | 25 | |
| Estrogens | 3 | |
| Mineralocorticoid | 1 | |
| Multi-hormonal secretion | 23 | |
| Metastasis | 68 | |
| Synchronous | 40 | |
| Metachronous | 28 | |
| Resection of the primary tumor | 68 | |
| R0* | 65 (95.6%) | |
| R1–R2* | 3 (4.4) | |
| Pathology | 68 | |
| Weiss score > 6 | 63 | 36 (57) |
| Ki67 ≥ 20 | 46 | 21 (46) |
| Mitotic count ≥ 20 | 56 | 15 (27) |
| mENSAT stage at diagnosis | 68 | |
| Stages I–II | 19 | |
| Stage III | 9 | |
| Stage IV | 40 | |
| Number of metastatic organs | 68 | |
| n = 1 | 28 (41.2) | |
| n = 2 | 28 (41.2) | |
| n = 3 | 10 (14.6) | |
| n = 4 | 1 (1.5) | |
| n = 5 | 1 (1.5) | |
| Localization of metastases | 68 | |
| Primary or local recurrence | 37 (54.4) | |
| Lung | 34 (50) | |
| Liver | 22 (32.3) | |
| Bone | 7 (10.3) | |
| Peritoneum | 12 (17.7) | |
| Other | 11 (16.2) | |
| Disease-free interval before metastasis ≥ 12 months | 28 | 20 (29.4) |
| Number of pejorative prognostic mENSAT-GRAS factors** | 68 | |
| n = 0 | 3 (4.4) | |
| n = 1 | 15 (22.0) | |
| n = 2 | 22 (32.3) | |
| n = 3 | 15 (22.1) | |
| n = 4 | 13 (19.2) | |
| Therapy before metastasis diagnosis | 68 | |
| Adrenal surgery | 28 (41.2) | |
| Adrenal radiotherapy | 2 (2.9) | |
| Adjuvant mitotane therapy | 13 (19.1) |
*R0, complete resection; R1, microscopic residual disease; R2, macroscopic residual disease
**Pejorative prognostic mENSAT-GRAS factors: age ≥ 50 years, presence of tumor-related symptoms, Weiss score > 6, Ki67 ≥ 20, mitotic count ≥ 20, > 2 tumor-involved organs, and R1 or R2 status of adrenal surgery