Table 2.
Metabolic profiles, biomarkers of inflammation, and oxidative stress at baseline and after the 12-week intervention in women with endometrial hyperplasia that received either vitamin D supplements or placebo
| Placebo group (n = 30) | Vitamin D group (n = 30) | P b | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ideal levels | Wk0 | Wk12 | Change | P a | Wk0 | Wk12 | Change | P a | |||
| HOMA-B | ND | 30.2 ± 12.9 | 33.6 ± 14.5 | 3.3 ± 13.4 | 0.18 | 29.7 ± 17.6 | 27.9 ± 17.5 | −1.8 ± 6.9 | 0.16 | 0.06 | |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | <150 | 128.6 ± 79.9 | 135.0 ± 74.5 | 6.4 ± 22.3 | 0.12 | 129.8 ± 60.2 | 137.2 ± 67.0 | 7.4 ± 66.0 | 0.54 | 0.94 | |
| VLDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | <30 | 25.7 ± 16.0 | 27.0 ± 14.9 | 1.3 ± 4.5 | 0.12 | 26.0 ± 12.0 | 27.4 ± 13.4 | 1.4 ± 13.2 | 0.54 | 0.94 | |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | <200 | 186.4 ± 35.2 | 192.2 ± 36.5 | 5.8 ± 26.3 | 0.23 | 188.0 ± 36.8 | 192.2 ± 34.9 | 4.2 ± 21.3 | 0.28 | 0.80 | |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | <130 | 115.3 ± 34.4 | 118.2 ± 34.2 | 2.9 ± 25.5 | 0.53 | 113.9 ± 37.3 | 115.2 ± 34.2 | 1.2 ± 20.9 | 0.76 | 0.77 | |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | >50 | 45.4 ± 8.9 | 46.9 ± 11.3 | 1.5 ± 5.9 | 0.16 | 48.1 ± 10.0 | 49.6 ± 11.1 | 1.5 ± 5.0 | 0.11 | 0.96 | |
| NO (μmol/L) | ND | 41.0 ± 4.7 | 41.5 ± 4.5 | 0.5 ± 3.7 | 0.50 | 39.4 ± 3.2 | 40.9 ± 3.4 | 1.5 ± 3.9 | 0.04 | 0.31 | |
| GSH (μmol/L) | ND | 543.4 ± 61.4 | 547.3 ± 65.2 | 3.9 ± 74.3 | 0.77 | 561.5 ± 48.1 | 578.5 ± 73.0 | 26.0 ± 87.7 | 0.11 | 0.29 | |
| MDA (μmol/L) | ND | 2.4 ± 0.3 | 2.3 ± 0.3 | −0.1 ± 0.3 | 0.71 | 2.3 ± 0.3 | 2.2 ± 0.2 | −0.1 ± 0.3 | 0.56 | 0.89 | |
Data are means ± SDs
aObtained from paired-samples t tests
bObtained from repeated measures ANOVA test
GSH total glutathione, HOMA-B homeostasis model of assessment-estimated b cell function, MDA malondialdehyde, NO nitric oxide, ND not determined