Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics for Cases and Controls
| Overall | Case | Control | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 390 | 131 | 259 | |
| Study: N (%) | 1.00 | |||
| Evaluation of Subcutaneous Proleukin [Interleukin‐2] in a Randomized International Trial | 228 (58.46) | 77 (58.78) | 151 (58.30) | |
| Flexible Initial Retrovirus Suppressive Therapies | 24 (6.15) | 8 (6.11) | 16 (6.18) | |
| Strategies for Management of Antiretroviral Therapy | 48 (12.31) | 16 (12.21) | 32 (12.36) | |
| Strategic Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy | 90 (23.08) | 30 (22.90) | 60 (23.17) | |
| Region: N (%) | 0.73 | |||
| Africa | 6 (1.54) | 2 (1.53) | 4 (1.54) | |
| Asia | 12 (3.08) | 2 (1.53) | 10 (3.86) | |
| Australia/New Zealand | 33 (8.46) | 13 (9.92) | 20 (7.72) | |
| Europe | 164 (42.05) | 55 (41.98) | 109 (42.08) | |
| North/South America | 175 (44.87) | 59 (45.04) | 116 (44.79) | |
| Male sex: N (%) | 341 (87.44) | 120 (91.60) | 221 (85.33) | 0.11 |
| Non‐Black race*: N (%) | 324 (83.08) | 109 (83.21) | 215 (83.01) | 1.00 |
| History of cardiovascular disease: N (%) | 19 (4.87) | 16 (12.21) | 3 (1.16) | <0.01 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2: mean (SD) | 25.38 (5.03) | 25.81 (5.58) | 25.16 (4.72) | 0.23 |
| Age, y: mean (SD) | 47.69 (9.14) | 48.60 (9.57) | 47.23 (8.89) | 0.16 |
| Diabetes diagnosis: N (%) | 0.07 (0.25) | 0.09 (0.29) | 0.06 (0.23) | 0.22 |
| CD4+ count, cells/mm3: mean (SD) | 547.79 (215.29) | 541.02 (233.76) | 551.22 (205.71) | 0.66 |
| HIV RNA, copies/mL: mean (SD) | 22540.37 (138511.71) | 35856.41 (224730.34) | 15779.12 (57288.42) | 0.18 |
| On antiretroviral therapy: N (%) | 271 (69.49) | 93 (70.99) | 178 (68.73) | 0.73 |
| On lipid‐lowering treatment: N (%) | 72 (19.10) | 32 (25.20) | 40 (16.00) | 0.04 |
| On blood pressure treatment: N (%) | 66 (17.51) | 33 (25.98) | 33 (13.20) | <0.01 |
| Proteomic risk score: mean (SD) | 0.00 (1.00) | 0.50 (0.95) | −0.25 (0.93) | <0.01 |
| High‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, μg/mL: mean (SD) | 3.70 (6.23) | 4.49 (8.46) | 3.30 (4.68) | 0.08 |
| D‐dimer, μg/mL: mean (SD) | 0.41 (0.56) | 0.51 (0.87) | 0.37 (0.28) | 0.02 |
P values comparing cases and controls for continuous variables are obtained using Kruskal–Wallis tests, and P values for binary/categorical variables are obtained using chi‐square tests. History of cardiovascular disease at baseline defined as prior coronary artery disease (CAD) requiring treatment, prior myocardial infarction, prior stroke, or prior CAD requiring surgery. On antiretroviral therapy is defined as on therapy at baseline or at study initiation. Race was self‐reported race.
*
Non‐Black race includes people who self‐identified as White, Asian, Hispanic, or Other races or ethnicities.