. 2023 Jul 5;14:1181317. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1181317

Table 2.

Earthworm counts and soil chemical properties in different scenarios of agricultural management.

Scenario	pH	EC (dS m⁻¹)	SOC (g kg⁻¹)	N (kg ha⁻¹)	P (kg ha⁻¹)	K (kg ha⁻¹)	Fe (mg kg⁻¹)	Mn (mg kg⁻¹)	Zn (mg kg⁻¹)	Cu (mg kg⁻¹)	Earthworm counts (no. m⁻³)
scI	7.34 ± 0.06^a	0.12 ± 0.01^b	8.62 ± 0.24^c	212.9 ± 8.39^ab	23.5 ± 0.61^c	128.5 ± 9.06^d	155.6 ± 3.26^a	31.1 ± 0.87^bc	10.40 ± 0.35^a	7.10 ± 0.29^c	343 ± 5.3^e
scII	7.42 ± 0.08^a	0.10 ± 0.00^b	8.81 ± 0.17^bc	204.3 ± 7.17^b	27.2 ± 0.90^ab	129.8 ± 2.83^d	142.1 ± 4.92^a	29.3 ± 0.58^c	8.27 ± 0.33^c	6.82 ± 0.20^c	625 ± 9.9^d
scIII	7.24 ± 0.05^a	0.13 ± 0.01^b	9.45 ± 0.02^ab	227.4 ± 3.32^ab	26.0 ± 0.13^bc	144.1 ± 0.7^cd	156.1 ± 3.10^a	38.3 ± 0.37^a	9.40 ± 0.42^abc	8.03 ± 0.61^bc	766 ± 19.8^c
scIV	7.34 ± 0.06^a	0.11 ± 0.01^b	8.90 ± 0.08^bc	237.1 ± 13.08^ab	28.0 ± 0.82^ab	169.4 ± 3.88^ab	156.4 ± 1.71^a	31.0 ± 0.69^bc	9.80 ± 0.23^abc	9.63 ± 0.20^a	1,024 ± 25.4^b
scV	7.49 ± 0.05^a	0.25 ± 0.02^a	9.65 ± 0.13^a	243.8 ± 4.22^a	29.1 ± 1.00^ab	156.4 ± 4.35^bc	147.1 ± 4.75^a	35.2 ± 2.46^ab	9.93 ± 0.44^ab	9.20 ± 0.26^ab	1,130 ± 14.5 ^a
scVI	7.13 ± 0.03^a	0.15 ± 0.02^b	9.05 ± 0.16^abc	236.5 ± 3.97^ab	28.7 ± 0.96^ab	161.9 ± 5.03^abc	157.7 ± 2.30^a	36.5 ± 1.53^a	8.53 ± 0.29^bc	9.21 ± 0.12^ab	802 ± 9.2^c
scVII	7.24 ± 0.07^a	0.30 ± 0.04^a	9.36 ± 0.08^ab	247.4 ± 7.33^a	29.7 ± 0.46^a	182.2 ± 6.73^a	155.6 ± 2.80^a	38.7 ± 0.58^a	10.87 ± 0.35^a	9.90 ± 0.15^a	660 ± 72.7 ^d

The same superscript letters of means values within each column are not statistically different (Duncan’s multiple range test; p ≤ 0.05). Values are the average of five replicates (n = 5); (means ± mean of standard error). pH, Potential of Hydrogen, EC, electrical conductivity; SOC, soil organic carbon; N, P, K, available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium; Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, DTPA extractable copper, zinc, iron, and manganese.