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. 2023 Jul 19;13:11686. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-38826-y

Table 3.

Histomorphology of the different intestine sections of European seabass fed the control or the blend diets using a quantitative analysis.

Anterior Intestine Mid Intestine Posterior Intestine Rectum
CTRL Blend CTRL Blend CTRL Blend CTRL Blend
Cross-sectional perimeter (CSP, mm) 14.3 ± 1.2 14.4 ± 1.0 11.4 ± 1.9 10.6 ± 1.5 10.6 ± 1.4 10.1 ± 1.7 13.7 ± 2.0 13.5 ± 2.0
Absorption area (mm2) 7.8 ± 1.1 8.2 ± 1.2 3.7 ± 1.0 3.1 ± 0.6 2.6 ± 0.6 2.7 ± 1.2 4.4 ± 1.1 4.09 ± 1.1
Villi length (μm) 1498.9 ± 184.3 1414.3 ± 127.8 837.1 ± 119.3 a 724.6 ± 90.6 b 580.6 ± 68.3 574.9 ± 66.1 939.8 ± 109.6 851.9 ± 107.7
Villi length/CSP (μm/mm) 104.9 ± 9.4 98.2 ± 9.0 74.8 ± 14.4 69.92 ± 12.9 55.1 ± 6.2 58.0 ± 7.6 69.7 ± 10.3 64.0 ± 9.9
Microvilli height (μm) 4.1 ± 0.5 4.2 ± 0.7 3.3 ± 0.5 3.3 ± 0.4 4.2 ± 0.9 4.5 ± 0.6 5.2 ± 0.8 5.9 ± 0.6
Muscularis thickness (μm) 101.8 ± 22.8 123.8 ± 26.8 128.1 ± 20.0 142.3 ± 20.6 117.5 ± 13.9 139.0 ± 33.4 253.9 ± 37.9 276.2 ± 65.0
Submucosa width (μm) 45.8 ± 5.0 51.6 ± 16.3 62.2 ± 12.4 b 93.1 ± 15.5 a 64.2 ± 9.3 81.0 ± 30.56 67.90 ± 12.54 77.14 ± 8.96
Lamina propria width (μm) 64.6 ± 9.0 b 76.6 ± 9.0 a 61.1 ± 8.2 b 78.5 ± 17.3 a 63.6 ± 14.6 67.3 ± 9.2 18.2 ± 5.4 19.5 ± 7.3
Goblet cells (GC) 2206.9 ± 652.8 2172.6 ± 580.6 2871.4 ± 705.7 a 2010.6 ± 481.1 b 3446.8 ± 1032.3 3322.7 ± 971.3 3656.8 ± 1395.5 3756.0 ± 1325.7
Acid GC 1901.9 ± 596.7 1864.6 ± 591.4 2810.9 ± 696.4 a 1836.7 ± 523.9 b 3347.0 ± 1040.3 3199.6 ± 1090.3 3475.4 ± 1386.4 3421.3 ± 1154.7
Neutral GC 305.0 ± 233.0 308.0 ± 170.3 60.5 ± 62.2 174.0 ± 194.2 99.8 ± 149.6 123.1 ± 160.6 181.4 ± 208.7 334.8 ± 359.4
GC/absorption area (no. GC/mm2) 306.7 ± 80.9 278.6 ± 97.0 789.5 ± 154.6 655.3 ± 129.1 1310.8 ± 221.4 1264.8 ± 256.1 827.9 ± 199.1 920.6 ± 225.1
Acid GC/absorption area (no. AGC/mm2) 260.8 ± 83.8 239.0 ± 96.5 775.1 ± 162.9 a 599.6 ± 144.8 b 1268.0 ± 199.1 1204.8 ± 278.0 784.2 ± 193.7 841.4 ± 200.5
Neutral GC/absorption area (no. NGC/mm2) 45.9 ± 24.1 39.6 ± 19.4 14.5 ± 10.4 55.7 ± 58.9 42.9 ± 71.1 60.0 ± 81.3 43.7 ± 46.8 79.3 ± 78.3
Average area GC (μm2) 30.7 ± 3.7 36.0 ± 9.0 36.3 ± 4.0 33.7 ± 7.8 54.5 ± 13.6 48.8 ± 6.9 58.1 ± 8.6 58.0 ± 13.5
Total area GC (mm2) 0.07 ± 0.02 0.08 ± 0.02 0.10 ± 0.02 a 0.07 ± 0.02 b 0.19 ± 0.08 0.16 ± 0.04 0.21 ± 0.07 0.20 ± 0.05
Submucosa lymphoid cells 64.5 ± 8.6 66.7 ± 8.0 69.4 ± 9.5 b 102.4 ± 10.3 a 67.7 ± 6.6 66.1 ± 4.8 177.1 ± 19.4 b 224.2 ± 32.7 a
Submucosa granulocytes 23.7 ± 2.9 b 36.6 ± 5.2 a 26.0 ± 2.4 b 37.6 ± 3.9 a 15.2 ± 2.1 b 20.5 ± 1.3 a 13.6 ± 1.2 b 19.2 ± 1.4 a
Lamina propria lymphoid cells 61.1 ± 7.7 54.5 ± 8.1 45.9 ± 4.6 b 68.5 ± 8.0 a 33.9 ± 2.7 34.6 ± 3.5 21.9 ± 2.7 24.7 ± 2.8
Lamina propria granulocytes 14.8 ± 1.7 16.34 ± 2.0 13.5 ± 1.4 15.8 ± 2.6 5.5 ± 0.4 5.7 ± 0.7 3.4 ± 0.6 3.7 ± 0.6
PCNA+ cells total area (mm2) 0.6 ± 0.2 0.6 ± 0.2 0.1 ± 0.1 0.2 ± 0.1 0.1 ± 0.1 0.2 ± 0.1 0.3 ± 0.1 0.3 ± 0.1
PCNA+ cells total area/absorption area (%) 8.0 ± 2.5 7.0 ± 2.5 3.7 ± 0.8 b 7.1 ± 3.6 a 5.5 ± 2.9 5.8 ± 1.5 6.1 ± 3.0 6.9 ± 1.8

CTRL – fish fed the control diet, Blend – fish fed the blend diet. Values presented as mean ± SD (n = 10 samples per dietary treatment), based on quantitative analysis. Independent samples t-test was employed to understand the significant differences between the study groups. Different letters denote significant differences between dietary treatments within each intestinal section. PCNA, Proliferating cell nuclear antigen.