Table 1.
Stiffness of human normal and tumoral tissues
| Organs | Normal (kPa) | Tumor (kPa) | Methods of measurement | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breast | 3.25 |
Low-grade IDC: 10.40 DCIS: 16.38 High-grade IDC: 42.52 |
– | [6] |
| Lung | 0.5–5 | 20–30 | – | [74] |
| Livera | – |
55 in HCC 75 in CCC 66.5 in metastatic tumor |
Transient elastography | [129] |
| Livera | – |
Low degree malignant: 8–15 High degree malignant: 14–18 |
AFM | [135] |
| Livera | 1.5–5 | – | Shear elasticity | [134] |
| Pancreasa | 0.4 | 1.2 | AFM | [41] |
| Pancreasa | < 15 | > 40 | Harmonic motion elastography (HME) | [159] |
| Colorectal | 0.9 |
Primary tumor (PT) stage T1: 2.8 T2: 3.5 T3: 8.8 T4: 13.8 |
Venustron system | [181] |
|
Distant metastasis Present: 13.6 Absent: 7 |
aThe reported stiffness may vary depending on measurement techniques